Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm chav distillation thiab fractional distillation yog tias chav distillation cais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib cais thaum cov fractional distillation cais cov feem ntawm hydrocarbon.
Distillation yog cov txheej txheem ntawm cua sov cov kua los tsim vapor uas tau sau thaum txias cais los ntawm cov kua qub. Cov txheej txheem no siv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus boiling los yog volatility ntawm cov khoom sib txawv hauv kev sib tov. Muaj ntau hom kev distillation xws li yooj yim distillation, batch distillation, nruam distillation, chav distillation thiab fractional distillation.
Chav Distillation yog dab tsi?
Chav distillation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais cov khoom sib xyaw hauv qhov sib xyaw ua kom sov los ntawm kev ntxiv dej rau lub khob distillation. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb raws li ib tug purification txheej txheem kom tshem tawm impurities nyob rau hauv ib tug compound. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom ntawm qhov sib tov yuav tsum tsis hloov pauv kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem no.
Daim duab 01: Chav Distillation Apparatus
Hauv cov txheej txheem no, peb cais cov khoom sib xyaw hauv qhov sib tov los ntawm vaporizing lawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus kub qis dua li qhov kub ntawm qhov tseeb. Peb yuav tsum ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no vim hais tias tsis yog, qee cov khoom yuav decompose ua ntej mus txog qhov kub. Tom qab ntawd peb tsis tuaj yeem cais lawv kom raug. Peb muaj peev xwm ntxiv dej rau lub distillation flask nyob rau hauv uas sib tov yuav tsum tau muab cais. Peb ntxiv dej thiaj li tso tseg cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov khoom. Tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem ua kom sov qhov sib tov thaum agitating nws. Raws li cov kauj ruam no, cov khoom yuav vaporize sai sai. Tom qab ntawd lub vapor siab ntawm lub distillation flask nce. Thaum lub vapor siab tshaj qhov atmospheric siab, qhov sib tov pib boil. Txij li thaum qhov sib tov boils ntawm qis siab (qis dua li atmospheric siab), lub boiling point ntawm lub Cheebtsam kuj poob lawm.
Fractional Distillation yog dab tsi?
Fractional distillation yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev sib cais cov hydrocarbon feem hauv cov roj crude. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, peb tuaj yeem cais cov hydrocarbons sib txawv raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv cov ntsiab lus kub. Peb hu cov txheej txheem kev sib cais no ua "fractionation".
Daim duab 02: Fractional Distillation Apparatus
Thaum xav txog cov txheej txheem, ua ntej peb yuav tsum ua kom sov cov roj crude kom kub thiab siab heev. Yog li ntawd, cov roj crude pib vaporize. Cov vapor nkag mus rau hauv fractional distillation kem. Muaj qhov kub thiab txias nyob ntawm kab (hauv qab muaj qhov kub thiab txias, thiab sab saum toj yog txias). Txij li thaum lub vapor txav mus rau hauv kem, vapor cools down. Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw qhov kub ntawm kem sib npaug ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov hydrocarbon nyob rau hauv ib lub vapor, qhov hydrocarbon nyhav rau condense. Txij li cov kab distillation muaj ob peb daim hlau ntawm qhov sib txawv, peb tuaj yeem sau cov pa condensed ua kua los ntawm cov phiaj no.
Qhov txawv ntawm Chav Distillation thiab Fractional Distillation yog dab tsi?
Chav distillation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais cov khoom sib xyaw hauv qhov sib xyaw ua kom sov los ntawm kev ntxiv dej rau lub distillation flask whereas cov fractional distillation yog cov txheej txheem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev sib cais cov hydrocarbon feem hauv cov roj crude. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm chav distillation thiab fractional distillation. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb siv rov qab distillation hauv fractional distillation txheej txheem, tab sis peb tsuas yog siv ib kauj ruam distillation hauv chav distillation. Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm chav distillation thiab fractional distillation yog tias nyob rau hauv chav distillation, peb muaj peev xwm cais cov Cheebtsam ntawm qis kub tshaj qhov tseeb boiling cov ntsiab lus whereas nyob rau hauv fractional distillation, cov Cheebtsam nyob rau hauv cov roj crude yog sib cais ntawm lawv boiling cov ntsiab lus.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm chav distillation thiab fractional distillation hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev siv ceev.
Summary – Chav Distillation vs Fractional Distillation
Distillation yog cov txheej txheem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas peb tuaj yeem siv los cais cov khoom sib xyaw hauv qhov sib tov siv cua sov. Steam distillation thiab fractional distillation yog ob txoj hauv kev. Qhov sib txawv ntawm chav distillation thiab fractional distillation yog tias chav distillation cais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib cais thaum cov fractional distillation cais cov seem hydrocarbon.
