Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - 1s vs 2s Orbital
Atom yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov teeb meem. Hauv lwm lo lus, txhua yam teeb meem yog tsim los ntawm atoms. Lub atom yog tsim los ntawm subatomic hais, feem ntau, protons, electrons, thiab neutrons. Protons thiab electrons ua lub nucleus, uas nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub atom. Tab sis electrons nyob rau hauv orbitals (los yog lub zog theem) uas nyob sab nraum lub nucleus ntawm lub atom. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias orbitals yog cov tswv yim hypothetical uas yog siv los piav qhia qhov feem ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub atom. Muaj ntau yam orbitals nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Tseem muaj sub-orbitals xws li s, p, d, f, thiab lwm yam. Lub sub-orbital yog spherical nyob rau hauv cov duab thaum xam raws li ib tug 3D qauv. Lub s orbital muaj qhov tshwm sim siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev nrhiav ib qho hluav taws xob nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Lub sub-orbital yog rov suav dua li 1s, 2s, 3s, thiab lwm yam raws li qib zog. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm 1s thiab 2s orbital yog lub zog ntawm txhua lub orbital. 1s orbital muaj lub zog qis dua 2s orbital.
1s Orbital yog dab tsi?
1s orbital yog lub orbital uas nyob ze tshaj plaws ntawm lub nucleus. Nws muaj lub zog qis tshaj ntawm lwm cov orbitals. Nws kuj yog qhov me tshaj plaws kheej kheej. Yog li ntawd, lub vojvoog ntawm lub orbital yog me me. Tsuas muaj 2 electrons nyob rau hauv lub orbital. Kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob tuaj yeem sau ua 1s1, yog tias tsuas muaj ib qho hluav taws xob hauv lub orbital. Tab sis yog tias muaj ib khub ntawm electrons, nws tuaj yeem sau tau li 1s 2 Ces ob lub electrons nyob rau hauv lub orbital txav mus rau qhov ntxeev lus vim yog lub repulsion uas tshwm sim vim tib yam hluav taws xob. nqi ntawm ob lub electrons. Thaum muaj ib qho hluav taws xob tsis sib xws, nws hu ua paramagnetic. Qhov ntawd yog vim nws tuaj yeem nyiam los ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Tab sis yog hais tias lub orbital puv thiab ib khub ntawm electrons nyob, cov electrons tsis tuaj yeem nyiam los ntawm cov hlau nplaum; qhov no hu ua diamagnetic.
2s Orbital yog dab tsi?
Lub 2s orbital loj dua 1s orbital. Li no, nws lub vojvoog loj dua li ntawm 1s orbital. Nws yog lub txee dai khaub ncaws tom ntej mus rau lub nucleus tom qab 1s orbital. Nws lub zog siab dua 1s orbital tab sis qis dua lwm cov orbitals hauv ib lub atom. 2s orbital kuj tuaj yeem sau nrog ib lossis ob lub electrons xwb. Tab sis 2s orbital yog sau nrog electrons tsuas yog tom qab ua tiav ntawm 1s orbital. Qhov no yog hu ua Aufbau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, uas qhia txog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm electron sau rau hauv sub-orbitals.
Daim duab 01: 1s thiab 2s Orbital
Qhov txawv ntawm 1s thiab 2s Orbital yog dab tsi?
1s vs 2s Orbital |
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| 1s orbital yog qhov ze tshaj plaws orbital rau lub nucleus. | 2s orbital yog qhov thib ob ze tshaj plaws orbital rau lub nucleus. |
| Zog ntawm 1s orbital qis dua li ntawm 2s orbital. | 2s muaj zog sib piv ntau dua. |
| Radius ntawm Orbital | |
| Lub vojvoog ntawm 1s orbital me dua. | Lub vojvoog ntawm 2s orbital yog qhov sib piv loj. |
| Size of Orbital | |
| 1s orbital muaj qhov me tshaj plaws kheej kheej. | 2s orbital loj dua 1s orbital. |
| Electron Filling | |
| Electrons thawj zaug nyob rau hauv 1s orbital. | 2s orbital tsuas yog ua tiav tom qab ua tiav ntawm electrons hauv 1s orbital. |
Summary – 1s vs 2s Orbital
Ib lub atom yog 3D qauv uas muaj cov nucleus ntawm qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm ntau yam zoo li orbitals ntawm ntau qib zog. Cov orbitals no tau muab faib ua sub-orbitals raws li qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm lub zog. Electrons, uas yog ib tug loj subatomic particle ntawm ib tug atom nyob rau hauv lub zog theem. 1s thiab 2s sub-orbitals yog ze tshaj plaws rau lub nucleus. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm 1s thiab 2s orbitals yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv lub zog, uas yog, 2s orbital yog lub zog siab dua 1s orbital.
