Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntxhia acids thiab cov organic acids yog cov ntxhia acids tsis tseem ceeb muaj carbon thiab hydrogen whereas organic acids tseem ceeb muaj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms.
Mineral acids hu ua "inorganic acids" vim tias cov tshuaj no muaj cov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv thiab tau muab los ntawm cov tshuaj inorganic. Yog li ntawd, cov no yog inorganic compounds nrog acidic zog. Organic acids, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog cov uas muaj carbon thiab hydrogen tseem ceeb. Li no, lawv yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj acidic zog.
Mineral Acids yog dab tsi?
Mineral acids yog inorganic compounds uas muaj acidic zog. Feem ntau ntawm cov acids no muaj oxygen atoms (piv txwv li: H2SO4), tab sis qee qhov tsis muaj oxygen (ex: HCN). Txawm hais tias cov kua qaub no tsis muaj cov pa roj carbon ua ib qho tseem ceeb, lawv tuaj yeem muaj cov pa roj carbon sib txuas rau lwm cov khoom. Piv txwv li: HCN muaj carbon thiab hydrogen, tab sis nws yog inorganic acid.
Yog vim li cas peb thiaj hu nws ua ib qho inorganic acid yog tias tsuas yog C-H daim ntawv cog lus nws tau yooj yim dissociate thiab tsim H+ ion thiab CN–IB. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua qaub no yog cov dej-soluble heev tab sis yog insoluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic. Tsis tas li ntawd, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog corrosive. Ex: H2SO4, HNO3 and HCl.
YDab tsi yog Organic Acids?
Organic acids yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov kua qaub. Yog li ntawd, lawv muaj cov pa roj carbon ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lawv cov qauv tshuaj. Piv txwv li: carboxylic acids. Cov tshuaj formula ntawm carboxylic acid yog R-COOH.
Daim duab 01: Cov Qauv Tshuaj Txhuas ntawm Carboxylic Acid
Cov -COOH pawg yog pawg ua haujlwm uas ua rau acidity ntawm cov molecule. Nws tuaj yeem tso cov hydrogen atom ua H + ion. Qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias -O-H daim ntawv cog lus hauv cov pab pawg ua haujlwm no tsis muaj zog vim yog lub siab electronegativity ntawm oxygen atom (tshaj li hydrogen atom).
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Mineral Acids thiab Organic Acids?
- ob leeg yog cov kua qaub
- Mineral Acids thiab Organic Acids ob leeg tuaj yeem tso H + ions
- Ob leeg tuaj yeem hnov qab nrog cov hauv paus
- Mineral Acids thiab Organic Acids tig xiav litmus rau hauv liab
- Ob leeg muaj ob daim ntawv; muaj zog acids thiab qaug zog acids
Qhov txawv ntawm Mineral Acids thiab Organic Acids
Mineral acids yog inorganic compounds uas muaj acidic zog. Cov kua qaub no yog muab los ntawm cov zaub mov. Ntxiv mus, lawv tsis tseem ceeb muaj carbon thiab hydrogen. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov dej soluble heev.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, organic acids yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov kua qaub. Cov kua qaub no yog muab los ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tseem ceeb muaj carbon thiab hydrogen. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntxhia acids thiab cov organic acids. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis zoo li cov ntxhia acids, cov organic acids tsis yog dej soluble, tab sis yog soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic.
Summary – Mineral Acids vs Organic Acids
Acids yog cov sib txuas uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub hauv paus. Muaj ob hom acids loj; organic acids thiab inorganic acids nyob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Peb hu ua inorganic acids "mineral acids" vim yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim cov kua qaub. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntxhia acids thiab cov organic acids yog cov ntxhia acids tsis tseem ceeb muaj cov pa roj carbon thiab hydrogen thaum cov organic acids tseem ceeb muaj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms.
