Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm prokaryotes thiab eukaryotes yog cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm prokaryotes ntab hauv cytoplasm vim lawv tsis muaj cov nucleus thaum cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm eukaryotes nyob hauv lub nucleus. Lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm yog tias cov prokaryotes muaj cov genome me thiab muaj plasmids. Lawv kuj muaj qhov loj coiled ob-stranded ncig chromosome whereas, eukaryotes muaj ib tug loj genome thiab tsis muaj plasmids.
Prokaryotes thiab eukaryotes yog ob hom kab mob. Cov kab mob thiab Archaea yog prokaryotes. Prokaryotes muaj lub koom haum cellular yooj yim. Lawv tsis muaj cov nucleus thiab cov organelles tseeb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, eukaryotes muaj ib lub koom haum cellular complex nrog lub membrane-bound nucleus thiab muaj tseeb organelles. Fungi, protists, nroj tsuag, thiab tsiaj txhu yog eukaryotes.
Cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm Prokaryotes yog dab tsi?
Prokaryotes yog cov kab mob uas tsis muaj lub nucleus. Lawv yog ib leeg-celled. Li no lawv muaj ib lub koom haum ntawm tes yooj yim. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tsis muaj cov cell organelles tseeb. Cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm prokaryotes ntab hauv cytoplasm.
Daim duab 01: DNA ntawm Bacteria
Cov kab mob muaj cov chromosome loj uas yog coiled heev. Lawv kuj muaj cov DNA ntxiv-chromosomal hu ua plasmids. Plasmids tsis tsim nyog rau lawv txoj sia nyob ib hnub. Tab sis lawv muaj cov noob tseem ceeb xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov DNA molecules no me me thiab muaj peev xwm rov ua dua nws tus kheej. Vim cov khoom no, lawv ua hauj lwm ua cov vectors muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nyob rau hauv recombinant DNA technology thiab cloning.
Cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm Eukaryotes yog dab tsi?
Eukaryotes yog cov kab mob uas muaj cov nucleus thiab cov organelles tseeb hauv lawv cov hlwb. Fungi, protists, nroj tsuag, thiab tsiaj txhu yog eukaryotes. Lawv cov khoom siv noob caj noob ces nyob rau hauv lub membrane-bound nucleus. Yog li, eukaryotic DNA tsis pom nyob hauv cytoplasm, tsis zoo li prokaryotic DNA.
Daim duab 02: Cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm Eukaryotes
Cov khoom siv caj ces eukaryotic yog cov kab thiab qhwv ncig cov proteins hu ua histones. Nws muaj ntau cov kab ke uas tsis yog coding. Ntxiv mus, eukaryotic noob tsis sau ua ke. Lawv sau ntawv cais thiab ua lawv tus kheej mRNA molecules. Ib tus neeg txhawb nqa tswj hwm kev hloov pauv ntawm ib lub noob hauv eukaryotes.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm Prokaryotes thiab Eukaryotes?
- Cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm prokaryotes thiab eukaryotes yog tsim los ntawm DNA molecules.
- Lawv muaj ob-stranded DNA tsim los ntawm plaub nucleotides.
- Ob hom khoom muaj noob caj noob ces.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm Prokaryotes thiab Eukaryotes?
DNA uas nyob hauv cytoplasm ntawm lub cell prokaryotic yog hu ua cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm prokaryote. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, DNA uas nyob rau hauv lub nucleus ntawm ib tug eukaryotic cell yog hu ua genetic khoom ntawm ib tug eukaryote. Tsis tas li ntawd, prokaryotes muaj cov genome me thiab muaj plasmids. Lawv kuj muaj ib tug loj coiled ob-stranded ncig chromosome. Eukaryotes, txawm li cas los xij, muaj lub genome loj dua thiab tsis muaj plasmids. Lawv kuj muaj ntau cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm ob-stranded DNA.
Prokaryotic DNA yog compacted ntau dua eukaryotic DNA. Ntxiv mus, eukaryotic genetic khoom muaj ntau dua DNA tsis-coding nyob rau hauv thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov noob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov noob caj noob ces prokaryotic tau sau ua ke los tsim ib qho mRNA molecule vim lawv nyob hauv ib qho operon. Txawm li cas los xij, cov noob eukaryotic tau sau cia nyias thiab nyias vim lawv tsis muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, prokaryotic DNA qhwv ib ncig ntawm HU proteins thaum eukaryotic DNA qhwv ib ncig ntawm histone proteins.
Summary – Cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
Prokaryotic hlwb thiab eukaryotic hlwb yog ob hom hlwb. Prokaryotes muaj cov cell prokaryotic. Lawv yog cov kab mob ib leeg. Ntawm qhov tod tes, eukaryotes muaj eukaryotic hlwb, uas yog multicellular. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces ntawm prokaryotes thiab eukaryotes nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj nucleus thiab membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic DNA dawb do ntab hauv cytoplasm tsis zoo li eukaryotic DNA uas nyob hauv cov membrane-bound nucleus. Prokaryotes muaj ib qho loj loj chromosome. Eukaryotes muaj ntau hom kab chromosomes.
