Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Px Py thiab Pz orbitals yog tias Px orbital muaj ob lub lobes taw qhia raws x-axis thiab Py orbital muaj ob lub lobes taw qhia raws y-axis whereas, Pz orbital muaj ob lub lobes taw qhia nrog z-axis. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm Px Py thiab Pz orbitals tshwm sim los ntawm lawv txoj kev taw qhia hauv qhov chaw.
Ib qho atomic orbital yog thaj tsam ib ncig ntawm lub atomic nucleus, uas muaj qhov tshwm sim siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev nrhiav ib qho hluav taws xob. Lub orbitals ntawm lub atom tuaj yeem yog s orbital, p orbital, d orbital, lossis f orbital. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj peb p orbitals; lawv yog Px, Py thiab Pz orbitals.
Px Orbital yog dab tsi?
Px orbital yog ib qho ntawm peb lub p orbitals thiab kev taw qhia raws x-axis. Ntxiv mus, lub orbital no muaj ob lobes thiab muaj ib tug dumbbell puab. Quantum tooj yog ib pawg ntawm cov lej uas pab rau npe atomic orbitals. Cov kab ke no muab ib qho tshwj xeeb atomic orbital lub npe tshwj xeeb.
Daim duab 1: txawv p orbitals thiab lawv cov kev taw qhia
Quantum Numbers:
- Principle quantum number (n) piav txog lub plhaub hluav taws xob. Ex: n=1, 2, 3…
- Azimuthal quantum tooj lossis lub angular momentum quantum tooj (l) piav qhia cov subshells. Ex: l=0, 1, 2…
- Magnetic quantum tooj (m) qhia txog lub xeev quantum tshwj xeeb ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob. Ex: m=…-2, -1, 0, +1, +2…
- Spin quantum tooj (s) piav qhia txog kev tig ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob. Ex: s=±
Thaum xav txog Px orbital, lub quantum notation yog raws li nram no.
- Thaum n=1, tsis muaj P orbitals.
- Thaum n > 2, thiab l=1, muaj p orbitals. Ces, Px yog m=+1 los yog m=-1.
- Nrog qhov nce n qhov tseem ceeb, qhov loj ntawm lub lobe sab nrauv ntawm Px orbital nce maj mam thaum lub lobe loj zuj zus.
Py Orbital yog dab tsi?
Py orbital yog ib qho ntawm peb p orbitals taw qhia raws y-axis. Lub orbital no muaj ob lub lobes. Lub quantum notation ntawm Py orbital yog raws li nram no.
- Thaum n=1, tsis muaj P orbitals.
- Thaum n > 2, thiab l=1, muaj p orbitals. Ces, Py yog m=+1 lossis m=-1.
- Nrog qhov nce n qhov tseem ceeb, qhov loj ntawm lub lobe sab nrauv ntawm Py orbital nce maj mam thaum lub puab lobe loj zuj zus.
Pz Orbital yog dab tsi?
Pz orbital yog ib qho ntawm peb p orbitals taw qhia raws z-axis. Qhov no orbital muaj ob lobes thiab muaj ib tug dumbbell puab. Lub quantum notation ntawm Py orbital yog raws li nram no:
- Thaum n=1, tsis muaj P orbitals.
- Thaum n > 2, thiab l=1, muaj p orbitals. Ces, Pz yog m=0.
- Nrog qhov nce n qhov tseem ceeb, qhov loj ntawm lub lobe sab nrauv ntawm Pz orbital nce maj mam thaum lub puab lobe loj zuj zus.
Px Py thiab Pz Orbitals yog dab tsi?
- Px Py thiab Pz Orbitals muaj qhov zoo sib xws (dumbbell shape).
- Tag nrho peb P orbitals muaj qhov loj me.
- Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov orbitals hloov nrog qhov nce ntawm tus nqi.
- Txhua peb lub orbitals muaj ob lub lobes raws tib qhov kev taw qhia ntawm axis.
Qhov txawv ntawm Px Py thiab Pz Orbitals yog dab tsi?
Px Py vs Pz Orbitals |
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| Px orbital yog p orbital taw qhia raws x-axis. | Py orbital yog p orbital taw qhia raws tus y-axis. | Pz orbital yog p orbital taw qhia raws z-axis. |
| Kev taw qhia | ||
| Along the x-axis | Along the y-axis | Along the z-axis |
| Tus nqi ntawm Magnetic Quantum Number (m) | ||
| Tus nqi rau tus lej sib nqus quantum (m) yog +1 lossis -1. | Tus nqi rau tus lej sib nqus quantum (m) yog +1 lossis -1 | Tus nqi rau magnetic quantum tooj (m) yog 0 (zero) |
Summary – Px Py vs Pz Orbitals
Muaj peb lub atomic orbitals hauv ib lub atom. Cov npe Px, Py thiab Pz, qhia txog kev taw qhia ntawm lub orbital hauv qhov chaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Px Py thiab Pz orbitals yog Px orbital muaj ob lub lobes taw qhia raws x-axis thiab Py orbital muaj ob lub lobes taw qhia raws y-axis whereas Pz orbital muaj ob lub lobes taw qhia raws z-axis.
