Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm acetylation thiab methylation yog tias acetylation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ib pawg acetyl rau ib lub molecule whereas methylation yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ib pawg methyl rau ib molecule.
Acetylation thiab methylation yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb heev uas muaj ntau yam siv hauv kev lag luam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj txiaj ntsig los tsim cov tebchaw tshiab los ntawm cov molecules los ntawm kev qhia cov pab pawg sib txawv. Acetylation thiab methylation tuaj yeem pom hauv cov kab mob lom neeg ib yam.
Acetylation yog dab tsi?
Acetylation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ib pawg acetyl rau ib lub molecule. Ac qhia txog ib pawg acetyl, thiab nws muaj cov tshuaj formula -C(O)CH3 nyob rau hauv uas cov pa atom yog sib txuas rau cov pa roj carbon atom ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab ib pawg methyl txuas. mus rau carbon atom. Qhov no yog ib qho kev hloov pauv. Nws kuj tseem hu ua kev hloov pauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vim tias, hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, pawg acetyl hloov cov haujlwm uas twb muaj nyob hauv cov molecule.
Feem ntau, acetyl pawg tuaj yeem hloov cov reactive hydrogen atoms nyob rau hauv cov molecules. Piv txwv li, hydrogen nyob rau hauv -OH pawg yog reactive hydrogen. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem hloov cov hydrogen atom nrog ib pawg acetyl. Qhov kev hloov no ua rau tsim cov ester. Qhov ntawd yog vim qhov kev hloov pauv no ua rau -O-C(O)-O daim ntawv cog lus.
Daim duab 01: Acetylation ntawm Salicylic Acid cov ntaub ntawv Acetylsalicylic Acid
Acetylation tshwm sim hauv cov protein ntau. Thiab cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua protein acetylation. Ntawm no, N-terminal acetylation tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov cov hydrogen atom ntawm -NH2 pawg ntawm cov protein los ntawm pawg acetyl. Nws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv enzymatic vim enzymes catalyze nws.
Methylation yog dab tsi?
Methylation yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ib pawg methyl rau ib lub molecule. Zoo li hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm acetylation, hauv methylation kuj yog ib pawg methyl hloov cov atom reactive. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib daim ntawv ntawm alkylation qhov twg alkylation yog hloov ntawm ib pawg alkyl.
Methylation tshwm sim ntawm ob lub tshuab;
- Electrophilic methylation
- Nucleophilic methylation
Txawm li cas los xij, txoj hauv kev electrophilic yog txoj hauv kev uas ua rau methylation. Tab sis hauv Grignard cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, aldehydes lossis ketones tau txais methylation ntawm nucleophilic ntxiv. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, thawj zaug, cov hlau ion ua ke nrog cov methyl pawg. Thiab nws ua raws li Grignard reagent.
Daim duab 02: Methylation ntawm Cytosine
Hauv cov kab mob lom neeg, DNA methylation thiab protein methylation yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Muaj ib pab pawg methyl tau txuas rau lub hauv paus nitrogenous ntawm DNA thaum nyob rau hauv cov protein methylation, amino acids nyob rau hauv polypeptide chains txuas nrog methyl pawg.
Qhov txawv ntawm Acetylation thiab Methylation yog dab tsi?
Acetylation vs Methylation |
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| Acetylation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ib pawg acetyl rau ib lub molecule. | Methylation yog txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia ib pawg methyl rau ib lub molecule. |
| Ntxiv Pab Pawg Ua Haujlwm | |
| Acetylation ua rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm acetyl functional pawg. | Methylation ua rau ntxiv ntawm alkyl (methyl) ua haujlwm pab pawg. |
| Reaction Mechanism | |
| Acetylation tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv. | Methylation tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv lossis ntxiv. |
| Daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv Biological Systems | |
| Acetylation tshwm sim hauv cov protein molecules. | Methylation ntawm DNA thiab protein molecules. |
Summary – Acetylation vs Methylation
Acetylation thiab methylation yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb heev vim tias lawv tso cai tsim cov tshuaj tshiab los ntawm cov molecules uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm kev hloov pauv (lossis qee zaum ntawm kev ntxiv) ntawm pawg ua haujlwm xws li acetyl pawg thiab alkyl pawg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm acetylation thiab methylation yog tias acetylation yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv uas ib pawg acetyl yog nkag mus rau ib lub molecule whereas methylation yog tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv uas ib pab pawg neeg methyl yog nkag mus rau ib tug molecule.
