Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Tus nqi nrawm nrawm vs tus nqi nruab nrab
Hauv tshuaj tiv thaiv, tus nqi tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem txiav txim tau ob txoj hauv kev raws li tus nqi tam sim thiab tus nqi nruab nrab. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus nqi tam sim thiab tus nqi nruab nrab yog qhov ntsuas tam sim ntawd ntsuas qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj reactants lossis cov khoom lag luam nyob rau lub sijhawm paub thaum lub sijhawm tus nqi nruab nrab ntsuas qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj reactants lossis cov khoom lag luam nyob rau lub sijhawm tag nrho rau kev ua tiav cov tshuaj. tshuaj.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog qhov ntsuas ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv cov concentration ntawm reactants siv los yog cov khoom tsim thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws tseem hu ua qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tus nqi Instantaneous yog dab tsi?
Tus nqi nrawm yog tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj uas ntsuas raws li qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj reactants lossis cov khoom lag luam thaum lub sijhawm paub. Hauv cov qauv no, tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb hauv lub sijhawm ntsuas. Nws kuj tuaj yeem ntsuas raws li tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb. Tus nqi tam sim no tseem hu ua tus nqi sib txawv.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj feem ntau sib txawv ntawm ib qho mus rau lwm qhov thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hloov tsis tu ncua). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qeeb qeeb thaum cov reactants siv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov concentration ntawm reactants txo qis nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (reactants tau noj los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj).
Tus nqi hloov pauv sai sai
Tus nqi tam sim no tau muab raws li hauv qab no.
Saum toj daim duab qhia qhov txo qis ntawm cov tshuaj reactants nrog lub sijhawm hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj; tus nqi instantaneous yog tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib qho taw tes (liab xim taw tes); tus nqi nruab nrab yog xam los ntawm kev faib tag nrho cov concentration ntawm reactants (thaum pib) los ntawm tag nrho cov sij hawm (50 feeb).
Tus nqi nruab nrab yog dab tsi?
Tus nqi nruab nrab yog tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj uas ntsuas raws li qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov concentration ntawm reactants los yog cov khoom nyob rau hauv tag nrho lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus nqi sib txawv los ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb mus rau lwm qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hloov tsis tu ncua. Tab sis qhov nruab nrab tus nqi muab qhov nruab nrab ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus no, tab sis nws tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov taw tes ntawm qhov pib thiab ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Tus Nqi Nruab Nrab ntawm Hloov Cov Qauv
Tus nqi nruab nrab ntawm kev hloov pauv tau muab raws li hauv qab no.
Tus Nqi Nruab Nrab=Δ(concentration ntawm reactant lossis khoom) / Δ(lub sijhawm)
Tus nqi nruab nrab tsuas yog muab qhov nruab nrab ntawm tag nrho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis qhov nruab nrab tus nqi no tsis yog tus nqi tiag tiag thoob plaws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vim tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txo qis nrog kev noj cov tshuaj reactants.
Dab tsi yog Qhov txawv ntawm Tus Nqi Tshaj Tawm thiab Tus Nqi Nruab Nrab?
Tus nqi nrawm vs tus nqi nruab nrab |
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| Tus nqi nrawm yog tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj uas ntsuas raws li qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj reactants lossis cov khoom lag luam thaum lub sijhawm paub. | Tus nqi nruab nrab yog tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj uas ntsuas raws li qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov concentration ntawm cov tshuaj reactants lossis cov khoom lag luam nyob rau lub sijhawm tag nrho ntawm kev nce qib ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj. |
| Tus nqi nrawm yog ntsuas rau lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb lossis lub sijhawm luv luv. | Tus nqi nruab nrab yog ntsuas rau lub sijhawm ntev dua. |
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Formula rau xam | |
| Tus nqi hloov pauv sai sai=Lim (t→ 0) [Δ(concentration ntawm reactant lossis khoom) /Δ(lub sijhawm) | Tus Nqi Nruab Nrab ntawm Kev Hloov=Δ(concentration ntawm reactant lossis khoom) / Δ(lub sijhawm) |
Summary – Instantaneous Rate vs Average Rate
Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj yog tus nqi ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj reactants lossis cov khoom lag luam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ua ob hom raws li tus nqi tam sim thiab tus nqi nruab nrab. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus nqi instantaneous thiab nruab nrab tus nqi yog tias tus nqi instantaneous ntsuas qhov kev hloov ntawm concentration ntawm reactants los yog cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug paub lub sij hawm lub sij hawm, qhov nruab nrab tus nqi ntsuas qhov kev hloov nyob rau hauv concentration ntawm reactants los yog cov khoom nyob rau hauv tag nrho lub sij hawm coj mus rau lub tiav ntawm cov khoom. tshuaj tiv thaiv.
