Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Inversion vs Translocation
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm noob caj noob ces, chromosomal rearrangement yog ib hom kev txawv txav uas deviated los ntawm haiv neeg qauv ntawm chromosomes. Qee qhov kev hloov kho tshiab tsim cov kev hloov pauv uas ua rau tuag taus thiab ua rau cov kab mob zoo li mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau hom chromosomal rearrangements xws li deletions, inversions, translocations, duplications thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov rearrangements, DNA ob-strand so ntawm ob qhov chaw sib txawv. thiab cais los ntawm tus thawj chromosome. Tom qab ntawd cov tawg tawg rov sib txuas nrog tib chromosome los yog nrog cov chromosome sib txawv los tsim cov kab ke tshiab chromosomal. Cov xwm txheej sib txawv ua rau cov hom no ntawm ob txoj hlua tawg. Ib qho tseem ceeb yog ionizing hluav taws xob uas suav nrog lub zog X rays thiab gamma rays. Inversion yog ib qho kev hloov kho tshiab uas tawg ob-kab DNA tawg tawg nyob rau hauv 180 degrees thiab rov koom nrog tib chromosome ntawm tib lub ntsiab lus. Kev hloov pauv yog lwm hom kev hloov kho uas tawg ob-kab ntu ntawm ib chromosome koom nrog ntawm txoj haujlwm tshiab ntawm cov chromosome uas tsis yog homologous. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm inversion thiab translocation yog inversion tshwm sim ntawm tib chromosome, thiab nws tsis hloov qhov chaw thaum lub translocation tshwm sim ntawm non-homologous chromosomes thiab nws hloov qhov chaw.
Kev Inversion yog dab tsi?
Ntxhais yog ib hom kev hloov kho chromosomal uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv tshiab hauv cov chromosome. Vim muaj qhov sib txawv, ob-stranded DNA sequences tawg ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus tsim cov tawg tawg. Tom qab ntawd qhov tawg ua ntu zus tig rau hauv 180 degrees thiab rov ua dua ntawm tib qhov chaw. Hauv lwm lo lus, ib qho tawg ntawm chromosome rejoins nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub reversed kawg mus rau qhov kawg. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm cov noob kev npaj ntawm chromosome.
Inversion tsis ua rau poob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv caj ces. Nws tsuas yog hloov kho cov kev txiav txim ntawm cov noob caj noob ces lossis cov noob caj ces. Muaj ob hom inversions uas yog paracentric thiab pericentric inversions. Ib qho paracentric inversion tshwm sim hauv ib sab caj npab ntawm chromosome yam tsis koom nrog lub centromere. Ob txhais caj npab ntawm chromosome tawg nrog rau lub centromere thaum lub sij hawm pericentric inversion.
Daim duab 01: DNA Inversion
Inversions tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij vim DNA kho cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yooj yim los kho cov hom kev hloov kho no. Thiab tseem inversions tsuas yog rearrange cov noob sequences tsis tsim kev poob lossis ntxiv sequences.
Kev hloov pauv yog dab tsi?
Kev hloov chaw yog hom chromosomal rearrangement uas tshwm sim ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. Cov ntu tawg tau pauv ntawm ob lub chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. Nws tsim ob lub chromosomes uas txawv ntawm caj ces los ntawm haiv neeg chromosomes. Reciprocal thiab Robertsonian yog ob hom kev hloov pauv. Reciprocal translocation yog kev sib pauv ntawm cov DNA tawg ntawm ob lub chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. Nws tsis ua rau poob lossis nce ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces. Li no nws yog ib hom kev sib npaug sib npaug.
Daim duab 02: Kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv
Thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv Robertsonian, caj npab ntev ntawm ob lub chromosomes acrocentric fuse nrog ib leeg. Cov caj npab luv yuav ploj mus. Yog li, nws yog ib hom kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosomal imbalanced. Piv rau Robertsonian translocation, reciprocal translocation yog ib hom chromosomal rearrangement. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau txais qub txeeg qub teg thaum qee qhov tshiab tshwm sim. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv ua rau muaj kab mob xws li mob qog noj ntshav, Down syndrome, infertility thiab XX txiv neej syndrome.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Inversion thiab Translocation?
- Inversion thiab Translocation yog ob hom chromosomal abnormalities.
- Ob hom ua rau chromosomal rearrangement.
- Inversions thiab translocation yog tshwm sim vim ob-strand
- Ob qhov kev hloov pauv thiab kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov caj ces sib npaug.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv?
Inversion vs Translocation |
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| Inversion yog hom chromosomal rearrangement nyob rau hauv uas tawg fragment flips nyob rau hauv 180 degrees thiab koom dua nyob rau hauv lub chromosome nyob rau tib qhov chaw. | Kev hloov chaw yog lwm hom chromosomal rearrangement nyob rau hauv uas qhov chaw ntawm non-homologous chromosomes pauv ntawm ib leeg. |
| Qhov chaw ntawm Rejoining | |
| Ib qho kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv tib qhov chaw hauv tib lub chromosome. | Kev hloov chaw hloov qhov chaw ntawm DNA tawg ntawm chromosomes. |
| Hmoob Teebmeem | |
| Inversion ntseeg tias tsis tau ua rau muaj kev phom sij. | Kev hloov chaw tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij xws li mob qog noj ntshav, muaj menyuam tsis taus thiab lwm yam. |
| Chromosomes koom nrog | |
| Ib qho inversion tshwm sim hauv tib chromosome. | Kev hloov chaw tshwm sim ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. |
| Chromosomal Imbalance | |
| Chromosome rearrangement yog tshwm sim vim inversion yog sib npaug, vim hais tias tsis muaj ntxiv los yog ploj DNA koom nrog invasion. | Chromosome rearrangements yog tshwm sim vim translocation tuaj yeem sib npaug lossis tsis sib npaug. |
| Type | |
| Inversion yog ob hom; paracentric thiab pericentric. | Kev hloov chaw tuaj yeem yog kev sib txuas lossis roberstonian. |
Summary – Inversion vs Translocation
Inversion thiab translocation yog ob hom chromosomal abnormalities tshwm sim vim yog ob-strand so. Thaum lub sij hawm inversion, ib feem ntawm chromosome so ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus thiab tig mus rau hauv 180 degrees thiab koom dua nrog cov chromosome. Kev hloov pauv yog qhov sib pauv ntawm ntu ntu ntawm chromosomes ntawm cov chromosomes uas tsis yog homologous. Ib qho inversion tshwm sim hauv tib chromosome. Translocation tshwm sim ntawm non-homologous chromosomes. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm inversion thiab translocation.
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Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no: Qhov txawv ntawm Inversion thiab Translocation
