Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Cardiomyopathy vs Congestive Cardiac Failure
Kev mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm thiab cardiomyopathies yog ob yam mob hnyav heev uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau ntau lab tus neeg mob tuag thiab mob thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Cardiomyopathies yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov kab mob ntawm myocardium cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshuab thiab / lossis hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tsis zoo uas feem ntau pom qhov tsis tsim nyog ventricular hypertrophy lossis dilatation. Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam uas feem ntau yog caj ces. Lawv yog cov nyob rau hauv lub plawv los yog ib feem ntawm cov generalized multi-system disorders, feem ntau ua rau cov hlab plawv tuag los yog mob plawv tsis ua hauj lwm muaj feem xyuam rau instability. Qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm lub plawv txhawm rau tso ntshav ntawm tus nqi txaus kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov metabolism hauv lub cev yog hu ua congestive cardiac failure. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cardiomyopathy thiab congestive cardiac tsis ua hauj lwm yog tias congestive cardiac tsis ua hauj lwm yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cardiomyopathies uas nws cov kev hloov pauv pathological cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv.
Cardiomyopathy yog dab tsi?
Cardiomyopathies yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob ntawm myocardium cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab / lossis hluav taws xob uas feem ntau pom qhov tsis tsim nyog ventricular hypertrophy lossis dilatation. Lawv tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam ua rau, feem ntau yog los ntawm caj ces. Lawv raug kaw rau hauv lub plawv lossis yog ib feem ntawm cov kab mob ntau yam kab mob, feem ntau ua rau cov hlab plawv tuag lossis mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm cuam tshuam txog kev tsis sib haum xeeb.
Type of Cardiomyopathy
Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm cardiomyopathies:
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Hom kab mob plawv no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev mob plawv dilatation thiab contractile (systolic) dysfunction, feem ntau nrog concomitant hypertrophy.
Caus
- Genetic mutations
- mob plawv
- Alcohol
- Iron overload
- Supraphysiological stress
Morphology
Lub plawv loj, flabby thiab hnyav. Lub xub ntiag ntawm mural thrombi feem ntau pom. Cov kev tshawb pom histologic tsis yog tshwj xeeb.
Tshuaj Kho Mob
Cov neeg mob feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev ua tsis taus pa, nkees yooj yim, thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tsis zoo
Y Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Qhov no yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm myocardial hypertrophy, ua tsis zoo rau sab laug ventricular myocardium, uas ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm diastolic txhaws thiab cuam tshuam ventricular outflow obstruction.
Morphology
- Massive myocardial hypertrophy
- Disproportionate thickening ntawm interventricular septum txheeb ze rau phab ntsa dawb. Qhov no hu ua asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
- Loj myocyte hypertrophy, tsis tu ncua ntawm myocytes thiab contractile cov ntsiab lus hauv sarcomeres thiab interstitial fibrosis yog qhov tshwj xeeb microscopic nta.
Tshuaj Kho Mob
- Stroke ntim tau txo vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm diastolic filling.
- Atrial fibrillation
- Mural thrombi
Daim duab 01: Cov hom kev mob plawv loj
Kev txwv tsis pub Cardiomyopathy
Qhov no yog yam tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cardiomyopathies thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txo qis hauv ventricular ua raws, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ventricular txhaws thaum lub sijhawm diastole.
Caus
- Radiation fibrosis
- Sarcoidosis
- Amyloidosis
- Metastatic qog
Congestive Cardiac Failure yog dab tsi?
Congestive cardiac failure is the inability of the heart to pump blood at a rate txaus kom ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm lub cev.
Nrog rau kev ua tsis zoo ntawm lub plawv ua haujlwm, ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm tau txais txiaj ntsig los txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm lub plawv. Cov txheej txheem no yog
- Frank -starling mechanism
- Myocardial adaptations xws li hypertrophy
- Ua kom muaj cov txheej txheem neurohormonal xws li renin-angiotensin aldosterone txoj hauv kev.
Thaum kawg tus kab mob no, cov txheej txheem them nyiaj no kuj nyuaj, ua rau cov neeg mob ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej.
Pathophysiology
Kev kub siab dhau Volume overload
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Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab nce
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Kev ntxhov siab ntawm myocardium ntawm sab laug ventricle nce
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Ua kom cov noob thiab cov protein synthesis
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Nyhav thiab loj ntawm lub plawv nce
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Cov ntshav ntshav tsis txaus
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Ischemia rau cov leeg plawv
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Ischemic tuag ntawm cov leeg plawv
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Kev mob plawv
Daim duab 02: Cov cim qhia thiab cov tsos mob ntawm Kev Tsis Txaus Siab
Left- Sided Cardiac Failure
Thaum lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim vim kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm sab laug ventricle, nws paub tias yog lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm sab laug. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, sab laug ventricle tsis ua kom muaj zog txaus los faib cov ntshav thoob plaws hauv lub cev. Yog li ntawd, cov ntshav accumulates nyob rau hauv sab laug sab ntawm lub plawv, nws thiaj li ua rau pulmonary edema thiab pulmonary hypertension.
Caus
- Ischemic mob plawv
- Hypertension
- Aortic thiab mitral valvular kab mob
- Primary myocardial disease
Morphology
Heart – morphological hloov ntawm lub plawv nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus mob. Sab laug ventricular hypertrophy feem ntau pom nrog rau lwm yam kev hloov pauv xws li myocardial infarcts. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm fibrosis tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lub teeb microscope.
Lungs - vim yog qhov txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsws, lub ntsws hnyav, ntub thiab edematous.
Tshuaj Kho Mob
- Dyspnea
- Orthopnea
- Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
- Yog tias lub raum perfusion raug mob hnyav heev tuaj yeem ua rau ischemic puas rau lub raum parenchyma thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau azotemia.
- Tsis muaj ntshav rau lub hlwb tuaj yeem ua rau ischemic encephalopathy.
Right- Sided Heart Failure
Feem ntau ua rau lub plawv sab xis tsis ua haujlwm yog lub plawv sab laug. Yog hais tias lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm sab xis tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho kab mob hauv lub ntsws, nws hu ua cor pulmonale.
Sab laug - lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm
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ntshav accumulates nyob rau sab laug ventricle thiab sab laug atrium
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Kev mob ntshav qab zib hauv lub ntsws
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Pulmonary edema thiab pulmonary hypertension
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Kev ua haujlwm ntawm sab laug ventricle nce
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Morphological hloov pauv xws li ventricular hypertrophy
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Ischemic puas vim tsis txaus cov ntshav coronary
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Right-sided heart failure
Kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hloov pauv
Lub plawv - qhov hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv lub siab yog qhov hypertrophy ntawm txoj cai ventricle
Lub Siab thiab Portal System
Vim tias muaj cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub portal, portal hypertension tshwm sim, ua rau lub siab loj ntawm lub siab uas hu ua portal hepatomegaly.
Pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, thiab peritoneal effusions kuj tuaj yeem pom.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cardiomyopathy thiab Congestive Cardiac Failure yog dab tsi?
Cardiomyopathy vs Congestive Cardiac Failure |
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| Cardiomyopathies yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov kab mob ntawm myocardium cuam tshuam nrog kev siv tshuab thiab / lossis hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tsis zoo uas feem ntau pom qhov tsis tsim nyog ventricular hypertrophy lossis dilatation thiab yog vim muaj ntau yam ua rau uas nquag muaj caj ces. | Lub plawv tsis muaj peev xwm los tso ntshav ntawm tus nqi txaus kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub cev yog hu ua congestive cardiac failure. |
| kev sib raug zoo | |
| Cardiomyopathies yog ib pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau mob plawv tsis ua haujlwm. | Congestive cardiac failure is a manifestation of pathological conditions cuam tshuam lub plawv. |
Summary
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob cardiomyopathy thiab congestive plawv tsis ua hauj lwm tau nce siab nyob rau hauv ob peb lub xyoo dhau los. Sedentary txoj kev ua neej, haus cawv, noj zaub mov tsis zoo, thiab kev ntxhov siab tau ntseeg tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov no. Kev ua qoj ib ce tsis tu ncua thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog li tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj tsis xav kom tuag sai.
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