Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Ib txwm hemoglobin vs Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin (Hgb) yog lub ntsiab protein molecule uas muab cov qauv ntawm cov qe ntshav liab - puag ncig zoo nrog qhov chaw nqaim. Lub hemoglobin molecule yog tsim los ntawm plaub sub protein molecules nyob rau hauv uas ob chains yog alpha globulin chains, thiab lwm yam ob yog beta globulin chains. Hlau atoms hauv hemoglobin thiab cov duab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev thauj mus los ntawm oxygen los ntawm cov ntshav. Yog tias cov duab ntawm hemoglobin raug rhuav tshem, nws tsis tuaj yeem thauj cov pa oxygen los ntawm cov ntshav. Sickle cell hemoglobin yog ib hom kev txawv txav hemoglobin molecule uas ua rau cov kab mob anemia hu ua sickle cell anemia. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ib txwm hemoglobin thiab mob qog noj ntshav hemoglobin yog qhov hemoglobin ib txwm muaj glutamic acid nyob rau hauv 6 th txoj haujlwm ntawm cov amino acid sequence ntawm beta globulin saw whereas mob cell hemoglobin muaj Valine nyob rau hauv. 6th txoj haujlwm ntawm beta globulin saw. Ib txwm hemoglobin thiab mob cell hemoglobin tsuas yog txawv ntawm ib qho amino acid hauv beta chains.
Hemoglobin Ib txwm yog dab tsi?
Hemoglobin yog ib qho hlau uas muaj cov hlau nplaum uas muaj nyob hauv cov qe ntshav liab. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev thauj mus los ntawm cov pa oxygen los ntawm lub ntsws mus rau lub cev cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov kabmob, thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg mus rau lub ntsws. Nws tseem hu ua oxygen-carrying protein nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Nws yog ib qho protein ntau, uas muaj plaub lub subunits protein me me thiab plaub pawg heme bearing hlau atoms raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 01. Hemoglobin muaj affinity siab rau oxygen. Muaj plaub qhov chaw sib txuas cov pa oxygen nyob hauv ib lub hemoglobin molecule. Thaum hemoglobin saturates nrog oxygen, cov ntshav yuav ci liab xim thiab hu ua oxygenated ntshav. Lub xeev thib ob ntawm hemoglobin, uas tsis muaj oxygen, hu ua deoxyhemoglobin. Hauv lub xeev no, ntshav dais xim liab tsaus.
Iron atoms embedded nyob rau hauv lub heme compound ntawm hemoglobin tsuas yog ua kom yooj yim rau kev thauj mus los ntawm oxygen thiab carbon dioxide. Kev khi ntawm oxygen molecules rau Fe + 2 ions hloov pauv cov qauv ntawm hemoglobin molecule. Cov hlau atoms hauv hemoglobin kuj tseem pab tswj cov ntshav liab zoo li qub. Yog li, hlau yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov qe ntshav liab.
Daim duab 01: Ib txwm hemoglobin
Sickle Cell Hemoglobin yog dab tsi?
Sickle cell anemia yog cov ntshav uas tshwm sim vim qhov txawv txav hemoglobin proteins uas muaj nyob hauv cov qe ntshav liab. Sickle cell hemoglobin yog ib hom kev txawv txav hemoglobin pom hauv cov qe ntshav liab. Lawv kuj hu ua hemoglobin S. Lawv muaj cov kab mob los yog cov duab crescent. Lawv raug tsim los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. Qhov kev hloov pauv no hloov ib qho amino acid nyob rau hauv cov amino acid theem ntawm ib txwm hemoglobin beta saw peptide. Sickle cell hemoglobin kuj yog tsim los ntawm ob alpha thiab ob beta subunits, ib yam li ib txwm hemoglobin. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ib qho amino acid sib txawv hauv beta subunits vim kev hloov pauv. Hauv ib txwm hemoglobin, 6 th txoj haujlwm ntawm cov amino acid saw hauv beta chains yog tsim los ntawm glutamic acid. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov kab mob cell hemoglobin, 6 th txoj haujlwm yog coj los ntawm cov amino acid sib txawv hu ua valine. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm cov amino acid, nws yog qhov ua rau lub neej hem cov kab mob anemia hu ua sickle cell disease.
Thaum valine nyob rau ntawm 6th, nws ua rau cov saw beta tsim cov protrusion uas haum nrog beta chains ntawm lwm cov hemoglobin molecules. Cov kev sib txuas no ua rau cov kab mob cell hemoglobin sib sau ua ke yam tsis muaj qhov seem hauv cov tshuaj thiab thauj oxygen. Nws yuav siv cov qauv nruj, thiab thaum kawg, cov qe ntshav liab tawg ua ntej, uas ua rau muaj mob ntshav qab zib.
Daim duab 02: Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
Qhov txawv ntawm Ib txwm hemoglobin thiab Sickle Cell Hemoglobin yog dab tsi?
Ntau hemoglobin vs Sickle Cell Hemoglobin |
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| Ib txwm hemoglobin yog cov protein uas muaj hlau hauv cov qe ntshav liab, uas thauj oxygen thiab carbon dioxide los ntawm cov ntshav. | Sickle cell hemoglobin yog ib hom kev txawv txav hemoglobin uas ua rau cov agglutination ntawm cov qe ntshav liab hauv cov ntshav. |
| Cov ntawv luv ntawm cov hemoglobin ib txwm yog HbA. | Cov ntawv luv ntawm cov kab mob hemoglobin yog HbS. |
| qauv | |
| Cov qauv ntawm ib txwm hemoglobin yog tsim los ntawm ob lub alpha chains thiab ob beta chains. | Cov qauv ntawm cov kab mob hemoglobin yog tsim los ntawm ob txoj hlua alpha thiab ob txoj hlua S. |
| Ib txwm hemoglobin yog puag ncig nrog qhov chaw nqaim. | Cov duab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab uas muaj mob cell hemoglobin yog crescent los yog mob. |
| 6th Txoj Haujlwm ntawm Amino Acid | |
| Txoj haujlwm thib rau hauv cov amino acid saw ntawm beta globulin saw yog glutamic acid. | Txoj haujlwm thib rau yog nyob los ntawm valine hauv cov kab mob hemoglobins. |
| Result | |
| Ib txwm hemoglobin ua rau cov qe ntshav liab ntws tawm hauv cov hlab ntsha. | Sickle cell hemoglobin ua rau thaiv cov ntshav liab ntws hauv cov hlab ntsha. |
Summary – Ib txwm hemoglobin vs Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin yog cov pa oxygen thauj cov protein hauv cov qe ntshav liab. Nws yog tsim los ntawm plaub subunits ntawm cov proteins hu ua alpha thiab beta chains. Nws yog cov hlau uas muaj cov molecule uas ua rau cov xim thiab cov duab puag ncig ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Vim kev hloov pauv, cov duab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab tuaj yeem sib txawv. Nws tshwm sim vim qhov txawv txav hemoglobin molecules hauv cov qe ntshav liab. Sickle cell hemoglobin yog ib qho kev hloov pauv. Lawv hloov cov duab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab los ntawm puag ncig mus rau cov kab mob, uas thaum kawg ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntxov ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Tus kab mob no yog hu ua sickle cell anemia. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv ntawm ib txwm hemoglobin thiab mob cell hemoglobin ib qho amino acid sib txawv hauv beta saw ntawm hemoglobin.
