Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Genotyping vs Sequencing
Genotyping thiab sequencing yog ob txoj kev ua kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nucleic acids, feem ntau DNA ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm genotyping thiab sequencing yog tias genotyping yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces tus neeg muaj siv cov cim thaum sib txuas yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm nucleotide ib ntus hauv cov khoom seem ntawm DNA.
Dab tsi yog Genotyping?
Genotyping yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov caj ces pleev ntawm ib tus neeg siv cov kab ke DNA thiab cov cim thiab kev sib piv thiab kev txheeb xyuas ntawm nws cov qub txeeg qub teg. Genotyping yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv evolutionary biology, pejxeem biology, taxonomy, ecology, thiab noob caj noob ces ntawm cov kab mob. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv xws li DNA sequencing, polymerase saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, txwv tsis pub tawg ntev polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic nrhiav, amplified fragment ntev polymorphism (AFLP), DNA microarrays, thiab lwm yam.
Genotyping cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txuas ntawm cov ntu me me ntawm DNA sib lawv liag thiab nrhiav kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov caj ces muaj pes tsawg leeg nrog lwm tus neeg siv cov cim caj ces. Nws txiav txim siab ib leeg nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) ntawm cov tib neeg lossis cov alleles tshwj xeeb. Genotyping muaj feem xyuam rau ntau yam kab mob xws li tib neeg. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau cov kab mob xws li kab mob, cov kab mob fungi thiab lwm yam thiab tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim lawv cov caj ces txawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv siv. Hauv molecular epidemiology thiab forensic microbiology, tswj cov kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kab mob, yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm genotyping. Genotyping tseem ceeb heev hauv kev txheeb xyuas pedigree. Tib neeg yog genotyped kom paub meej tias niam thiab txiv. Genotype yuav nthuav tawm qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov noob uas txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb.
Figure_1: RFLP Genotyping
Dab tsi yog Sequence?
Sequencing yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm nucleotide hauv ib feem ntawm DNA lossis RNA. Txhua yam ntaub ntawv xav tau rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob yog encoded nyob rau hauv nws genome. Qhov muaj cov txheej txheem los tsim thiab cais ob peb puas nucleotides ntev nucleic acids fragments coj mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim lub meej nucleotide ib theem zuj zus ntawm ib tug muab fragment ntawm DNA los yog RNA. Muaj ntau hom kev sib txuas ua ke niaj hnub no. Cov txheej txheem sequencing no, ua ke nrog cov thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov tsev qiv ntawv genome uas sawv cev rau tag nrho cov genome ntawm cov kab mob, pab txhawb kev sib luag ntawm tag nrho cov genome ntawm cov kab mob, ua rau kev tsom xam qhov tob ntawm cov qauv noob, kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob, qhov chaw ntawm cov noob caj noob ces, gene mapping, gene regulatory regions thiab lwm yam.
Tag nrho cov genomes ntawm ntau tus kab mob, ob peb kab mob, archaebacteria, poov xab thiab ob peb lwm yam kab mob tau ua tiav thiab ua tiav. Tib neeg txoj haujlwm genome tau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom tiav thiab qhia tag nrho tib neeg genome thiab luam tawm nws thawj tsab ntawv hauv xyoo 2003. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev nce qib ntawm biology. Tib neeg genome sequences yog tam sim no siv rau hauv kev kho mob los txheeb xyuas cov caj ces rau cov kab mob tsawg, tshuaj ntsuam kab mob hauv cov menyuam mos, txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav sib txawv, tsim kho tshiab, thiab tsim cov cuab yeej kuaj mob tshiab, thiab lwm yam.
Nyob hauv ntiaj teb cov nroj tsuag, nplej genome thiab Arabidopsis genomes tau ua raws. Kev paub txog cov kab ke no yuav ua rau peb nkag siab txog cov hlwb thiab cov kab mob ua haujlwm li cas.
Figure_2: Ib qho autoradiograph ntawm sanger sequencing
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Genotyping thiab Sequencing?
Genotyping vs Sequencing |
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| Genotyping yog txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab cov caj ces ntawm ib tus neeg thiab tshuaj xyuas cov pab pawg lossis kev sau se ntawm lub cev. | Sequencing yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab meej ntawm nucleotides ntawm DNA lossis RNA tawg. |
| Techniques | |
| RFLP, Gene sequencing, PCR, DNA microarrays, AFLP thiab lwm yam. | Sanger sequencing, Gilbert sequencing, Pyrosequencing, Next Generation Sequencing, Shotgun sequencing thiab lwm yam. |
| Kev txhawj xeeb loj | |
| Qhov no txhawj xeeb ntxiv txog seb qhov sib txawv ntawm cov genotype puas muab qhov sib txawv phenotype tiag tiag. | Qhov no txhawj xeeb txog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm nucleotides thiab nws qhov sib txawv thiab hloov pauv nrog lwm yam kab mob. |
Summary – Genotyping vs Sequencing
Genotyping thiab sequencing yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kawm cov ntaub ntawv caj ces ntawm cov kab mob. Genotyping yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim genotype variations ntawm tib neeg thiab nrhiav lawv pawg. Sequencing yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm nucleotides hauv cov khoom txaus siab lossis thaj tsam ntawm DNA. Ob lub tswv yim muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob thiab cov genomes.
