Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing yog nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev coj. Clone los ntawm clone sequencing txoj kev muaj xws li daim ntawv qhia ntawm chromosomes thiab cloning ua ntej sequencing thaum clone los ntawm rab phom sequencing tshem tawm ob qho tib si chromosome mapping thiab cloning cov kauj ruam thaum lub sij hawm sequencing.
Clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab clone los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj phom sij yog ob txoj hauv kev niaj hnub genome sequencing. Clone los ntawm clone sequencing yog ib txoj kev txhim khu kev qha ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm clone los ntawm kev tua phom sib txuas yog sai dua thiab pheej yig dua. Tsab xov xwm tsom mus rau qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing.
Clone los ntawm Clone Sequencing yog dab tsi?
Clone los ntawm clone sequencing yog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm genome sequencing. Nws xav tau daim ntawv qhia ntawm txhua tus chromosome ua ntej DNA splitting. Tom qab daim ntawv qhia, DNA yuav tsum tau tawg mus rau hauv ib feem ntawm 150 kilobases ntev. Cov fragments no ces npaj txhij rau sequencing. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog muab cov DNA tawg rau hauv cov kab mob Artificial Chromosomes (BACs) thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv cov kab mob. Txij li cov fragments tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov kab mob hlwb, txhua lub sij hawm thaum cov kab mob sib faib, cov ntaub ntawv DNA tau muab faib thiab tsim ntau cov ntawv luam zoo ib yam. Tom qab ntawd, tus neeg kab mob clone DNA yog fragmented rau hauv 500 lub hauv paus khub ntev fragments. Lawv yog cov me me thiab sib tshooj sib tshooj. Tom ntej no, qhov sib txuas yuav tshwm sim nrog kev ntxig ntawm cov khoom tawg mus rau hauv ib lub vector uas paub txog DNA sib lawv liag. Pib los ntawm qhov paub ua ntu zus ntawm vector, sequencing txuas ntxiv mus txog qhov tsis paub ua ntu zus.
Tom qab ua tiav qhov kev ua tiav, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas thaj chaw ntawm kev sib tshooj sib tshooj. Tom qab ntawd, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov fragments yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw los tsim cov fragments loj dua pib nthuav tawm hauv BACs. Tom ntej no, kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom loj dua rau hauv chromosome yuav tshwm sim raws li daim ntawv qhia genome.
Daim duab 01: Clone los ntawm Clone Sequencing
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing yog tias daim ntawv qhia genome npaj ua ntej pab txhim khu kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom loj dua. Tab sis, qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev sib txuas no yog tias nws siv sijhawm los tsim cov genome maps thiab ua clones. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog txoj kev nyiam thaum lub sijhawm 'Human Genome Project'.
Clone los ntawm Shotgun Sequencing yog dab tsi?
Clone los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj phom sij yog ib txoj hauv kev ua ntu zus uas random lov cov DNA sib lawv liag rau hauv ntau qhov me me thiab rov sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov cheeb tsam sib tshooj. Cov genomes loj dua yog qhov nyuaj rau clone ib ntus thiab sib sau ua ke. Nws yog vim lawv cov qauv complexity thiab loj. Txawm hais tias clone los ntawm clone sequencing txoj kev ntseeg tau, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev los ua kom cov genomes ntawm cov kab mob nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, clone los ntawm rab phom sequencing tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem pheej yig dua uas tuaj yeem ua tau sai dua. Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub no vam khom txoj hauv kev no los daws cov genomes nyuaj.
Daim duab 02: Clone los ntawm Shotgun Sequencing
Thaum lub sijhawm clone los ntawm kev tua phom sib luag, tsis muaj cov qauv qhia genome thiab cov kauj ruam cloning tshwm sim. Thaum pib, tag nrho cov genome yog fragmented rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm 20 kilobases mus rau 300 kilobases. Tom ntej no, sequencing tshwm sim. Tom qab ntawd, siv cov khoos phis tawj thev naus laus zis, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los sib sau ua ke cov khoom tawg los ntawm kev saib cov cheeb tsam sib tshooj.
Clone los ntawm rab phom sib luag pab txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm cov genome uas twb muaj lawm. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm txoj kev no yog tias nws yog qhov nrawm dua thiab tsis tshua kim tshaj clone los ntawm clone sequencing txoj kev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no tsis suav nrog kev siv daim ntawv qhia caj ces. Yog li ntawd, kev ua yuam kev thaum lub rooj sib txoos yuav tshwm sim ntau dua. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov tsis zoo loj hauv clone los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Clone los ntawm Clone Sequencing thiab Shotgun Sequencing?
- Ob leeg clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing yog ob txoj kev ntawm genome sequencing.
- Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si sequencing cov tswv yim, sib dhos ntawm tawg-down fragments tshwm sim los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov overlapped cheeb tsam.
- Tsis tas li, kev rhuav tshem DNA rau hauv cov khoom me me yog qhov tsim nyog rau ob qho tib si clone thiab rab phom sib txuas.
Qhov txawv ntawm Clone los ntawm Clone Sequencing thiab Shotgun Sequencing yog dab tsi?
Clone los ntawm clone sequencing txheej txheem koom nrog ob kauj ruam loj: daim ntawv qhia txog chromosomes thiab cloning. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, clone los ntawm txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv sequencing tsis ua raws li ob kauj ruam no; nws randomly tawg DNA sequences mus rau hauv ntau me me fragments thiab reassembles ib theem zuj zus los ntawm kev soj ntsuam cov overlapping cheeb tsam. Li no, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing. Vim yog qhov tseem ceeb no, clone los ntawm clone sequencing yog tus nqi kim thiab siv sij hawm thaum clone los ntawm rab phom sequencing yog sai dua thiab pheej yig dua.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov yuam kev thaum lub sijhawm sib dhos tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing. Li no, nws muaj kev ntseeg siab. Txawm li cas los xij, clone los ntawm kev tua phom sib luag yog qhov sib piv cov txheej txheem tsawg dua. Yog li, qhov no kuj yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing.
Cov info-graphic hauv qab no nthuav qhia ntau ntxiv txog qhov sib txawv ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing.
Summary – Clone los ntawm Clone Sequencing vs Shotgun Sequencing
Nyob rau hauv kev qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing, lub clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing yog ob txoj kev ntawm genome sequencing. Txawm li cas los xij, clone los ntawm clone sequencing txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog ob qho tib si genome mapping thiab cloning txheej txheem thaum clone los ntawm rab phom sequencing tsis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing thiab shotgun sequencing. Txij li thaum genome daim ntawv qhia siv qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm clone los ntawm clone sequencing, qhov yuam kev tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm sib sau ua ke. Tab sis, clone los ntawm rab phom sequencing yog txheej txheem sai dua thiab pheej yig dua. Txawm li cas los, nws yog comparatively tsawg txhim khu kev qha. Clone los ntawm clone sequencing yog txoj kev nyiam ua ntu zus thaum lub sijhawm 'Human Genome Project'. Tab sis, niaj hnub no tus kws tshawb fawb molecular biologist vam khom ntau dua ntawm clone los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj phom sij.
