Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Glycosidic Bond vs Peptide Bond
Glycosidic bonds thiab peptide bonds yog ob hom covalent bonds uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov kab ke nyob. Kev tsim ntawm ob qho kev sib cog lus no suav nrog kev tshem tawm cov dej molecule thiab cov txheej txheem no hu ua dehydration reactions (tseem hu ua condensation reactions). Tab sis, ob daim ntawv cog lus no sib txawv heev ntawm ib leeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus thiab peptide daim ntawv cog lus yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev lawv tsim; glycosidic bonds muaj nyob rau hauv qab zib molecules thiab peptide bonds yog tsim ntawm ob amino acids.
Glycosidic Bond yog dab tsi?
Ib daim ntawv cog lus glycosidic yog covalent daim ntawv cog lus uas txuas cov carbohydrate (qab zib) molecule mus rau lwm pab pawg; nws tuaj yeem yog lwm pawg carbohydrate lossis lwm pab pawg. Daim ntawv cog lus no yog tsim los ntawm ob pawg ua haujlwm; ib pawg hemiacetal lossis hemiketal pawg ntawm asaccaharide lossis molecule muab los ntawm saccharide nrog ib pawg hydroxyl ntawm lwm cov molecule xws li cawv. Aglycoside yog ib yam khoom uas muaj glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus.
Glycosidic bonds ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv kev muaj sia nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb vim lawv tseem ceeb rau cov qauv ntawm txhua yam khoom.
Peptide Bond yog dab tsi?
Ib daim ntawv cog lus peptide tseem hu ua amide daim ntawv cog lus uas yog tsim los ntawm ob lub amino acid molecules. Ib qho amino acid muaj ob pawg ua haujlwm; ib pawg carboxylic acid thiab ib pawg amino. Lub peptide daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim los ntawm ib pawg amino ntawm ib qho amino acid thiab carboxylic acid ntawm lwm cov amino acid. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tshem tawm cov dej molecule (H 2 O) thiab yog li nws hu ua dehydration synthesis reaction lossis condensation reaction. Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm ob lub amino acid molecules yog hu ua covalent daim ntawv cog lus. Cov ntawv cog lus no tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov kab ke nyob thiab tsim ntawm peptide daim ntawv cog lus siv lub zog uas tau muab los ntawm ATP.
Qhov txawv ntawm Glycosidic Bond thiab Peptide Bond yog dab tsi?
tshwm sim:
Glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus: Glycosidic bonds tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov suab thaj uas peb noj, trunks ntawm ntoo, tawv exoskeleton ntawm lobsters, thiab kuj nyob rau hauv DNA ntawm peb lub cev.
Peptide daim ntawv cog lus: Feem ntau, peptide bonds muaj nyob rau hauv cov proteins thiab nucleic acids, DNA, thiab plaub hau.
txheej txheem:
Glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus: Daim ntawv cog lus glycosidic yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv condensation uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm cov dej molecule thaum lub sijhawm tsim. Hauv qhov sib piv, qhov rov qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lossis kev tawg ntawm glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrolysis; ib tug dej molecule yog siv nyob rau hauv no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Qhov tsim ntawm glycosidic daim ntawv cog lus tshwm sim thaum ib pawg cawv (-OH) los ntawm cov molecule react nrog cov anomeric carbon ntawm cov piam thaj molecule. Ib qho anomeric carbon yog lub hauv paus carbon atom ntawm ib hemiacetal uas muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus rau ob lub pa oxygen atoms. Ib qho oxygen atom yog sib txuas rau lub nplhaib qab zib thiab lwm qhov yog los ntawm pawg -OH.
Daim duab 1: Glycosidic Bond
Peptide daim ntawv cog lus:
Peptide daim ntawv cog lus yog tsim los ntawm ob amino acids. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum pawg carboxylic ntawm ib qho amino acid reacted nrog cov amino pawg ntawm lwm cov amino acid. Ib qho dej molecule raug tshem tawm thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem no kom nws hu ua lub cev qhuav dej.
Daim duab 2: Kev tsim ntawm peptide daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ob amino acids
Definition:
ATP: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) yog suav tias yog lub zog txiaj ntawm lub neej. Nws yog lub zog loj molecule uas khaws lub zog peb xav tau ua txhua yam peb ua.
