Qhov Tseem Ceeb - Antioxidants vs Phytochemicals
Cia peb nkag siab ob lo lus Antioxidants thiab Phytochemicals ua ntej mus rau kev sib tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm Antioxidants thiab Phytochemicals. Antioxidants yog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim los yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas tiv thaiv tib neeg lub hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov dawb radicals. Phytochemicals yog cov khoom xyaw ntuj tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muab ntau yam txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv rau tib neeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm antioxidants thiab phytochemicals yog tias lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm antioxidants yog los rhuav tshem los yog tua cov dawb radicals nyob rau hauv cellular ib puag ncig whereas phytochemicals muaj ntau yam dej num xws li tiv thaiv kev ua ntawm dawb radicals, stimulation ntawm enzymes, cuam tshuam nrog DNA replication thiab lwm yam. Txawm hais tias ob chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg sib tshooj hauv qee qhov chaw, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm antioxidants thiab phytochemicals. Yog li, lub hom phiaj ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm antioxidants thiab phytochemicals.
YAntioxidants yog dab tsi?
Antioxidants tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev ua dawb radicals. Yog li, lawv tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kab mob plawv, ntshav qab zib, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam nrog kev laus (Parkinson's disease thiab Alzheimer's disease). Dawb radicals yog cov reactive atoms los yog pab pawg ntawm atoms vim hais tias lawv muaj tsawg kawg yog ib tug unpaired electron. Dawb radicals tsim teeb meem oxidation tseem hu ua oxidative kev nyuaj siab uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov cell membranes thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes. Kev ntxhov siab oxidative los yog ntau dhau ntawm cov dawb radicals nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig cellular tshwm sim ib yam nkaus li thaum koj raug kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig xws li hluav taws xob lossis haus luam yeeb. Qee lub sij hawm, cov dawb radicals txhawb oxidation zoo uas ua rau lub zog thiab tua cov kab mob phem. Raws li lub npe 'antioxidants' hais, lawv tiv thaiv lossis txo qhov kev ntxhov siab oxidative no thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam oxidative puas tsuaj rau cov khoom ntawm tes xws li DNA, proteins, thiab lipids. Cov tshuaj antioxidants no tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm ob qho tib si tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag cov khoom noj. Piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj antioxidant muaj xws li phenolic tebchaw, anthocyanin, vitamins A, C thiab E, lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene, coenzyme Q10, butylated hydroxyanisole, flavonoids, thiab dawb fatty acids.
YPhytochemicals yog dab tsi?
Phytochemicals yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas tshwm sim hauv cov nroj tsuag sib txawv. Phyto txhais tau tias "cog" hauv lus Greek. Txhua thiab txhua tsob nroj muaj ntau pua ntawm phytochemicals thiab cov pov thawj tshawb fawb pom tias cov phytochemicals no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob tsis sib kis. Phytochemicals muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv cog xws li txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, txiv ntoo, txuj lom, cereals, legumes, nplej, thiab taum. Piv txwv ntawm phytochemicals muaj xws li pab pawg ntawm cov khoom xws li anthocyanin, polyphenols, phytic acid, oxalic acid, lignans, thiab isoflavones, nrog rau folic acid thiab vitamin C, vitamin E, thiab beta-carotene (los yog pro-vitamin A). Qee cov phytochemicals yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov xim thiab lwm yam khoom siv organoleptic, xws li cov txiv kab ntxwv xim ntawm carrots thiab tsw ntxhiab ntawm cinnamon feem. Txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem muaj qhov tseem ceeb lom neeg, lawv tsis raug lees paub tias yog cov khoom noj tseem ceeb. Phytochemicals muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob los yog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Txhua thiab txhua txhua phytochemical muaj nuj nqi sib txawv, thiab cov no yog ib co ua tau:
- Antioxidant - Qee cov phytochemicals muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant thiab tiv thaiv cov hlwb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj oxidative thiaj li txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim qee yam mob qog noj ntshav, kab mob plawv, thiab ntshav qab zib.
- Ua raws li cov tshuaj hormones - Isoflavones thiab lignans, pom nyob rau hauv cov kua mis, ua rau tib neeg cov tshuaj estrogens thiaj li pab txo cov tsos mob ntawm menopausal thiab osteoporosis. Lawv tseem hu ua phytoestrogens.
- Kev tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav - Qee cov tshuaj phytochemicals pom hauv cov zaub mov tuaj yeem muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kabmob kheesxaws.
- Txhaj ntawm cov enzymes - Indoles txhawb cov enzymes uas ua rau cov tshuaj estrogen tsis zoo thiab tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kev cuam tshuam nrog DNA rov ua dua - Saponins pom hauv taum inhibit nrog kev tsim tawm ntawm tes DNA, yog li tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Capsaicin, muaj nyob hauv cov kua txob, tiv thaiv DNA los ntawm cov carcinogens.
- Anti-bacterial effect - Lub phytochemical allicin los ntawm qej, nrog rau cov tshuaj sib xyaws los ntawm cov txuj lom, muaj tshuaj tua kab mob
- Kev tiv thaiv lub cev - Qee cov phytochemicals khi lub cev rau cov phab ntsa ntawm tes yog li inhibiting qhov adhesion ntawm cov kab mob rau tib neeg cov phab ntsa ntawm tes. Ua piv txwv, proanthocyanidins yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tiv thaiv adhesion ntawm berry.
- Txo cov bioavailability ntawm cov as-ham: Goitrogens pom nyob rau hauv cabbage inhibit iodine absorption thiab oxalic acid thiab phytic acid pom nyob rau hauv legumes inhibit hlau, calcium nqus. Lawv tseem hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Antioxidants thiab Phytochemicals?
txhais ntawm Antioxidants thiab Phytochemicals
Antioxidants: Antioxidants yog tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem tiv thaiv oxidation.
Phytochemicals: Phyto txhais tau tias "cog" hauv Greek. Yog li, phytochemicals yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas tshwm sim hauv cov nroj tsuag hom.
Yam ntxwv ntawm Antioxidants thiab Phytochemicals
Source
Antioxidants: Antioxidants tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu.
Phytochemicals: phytochemicals tsuas yog los ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nplej, taum, txiv ntseej, thiab noob.
Function
Antioxidants: Antioxidants pab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlwb los ntawm cov reactive thiab tsis ruaj khov dawb radicals.
Phytochemicals: Phytochemicals muaj ntau yam haujlwm.
Kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo
Antioxidants: Antioxidants suav tias zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv.
Phytochemicals: Phytochemicals tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev noj haus thiab txo qis bioavailability ntawm cov as-ham. Yog li, lawv tsis yog ib txwm zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv. Piv txwv li: Phytic acid, Oxalic acid.
E-ntaus
Antioxidants: E-tus naj npawb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv antioxidants ntawm E300-E399. Piv txwv ntawm ntuj antioxidants yog ascorbic acid (E300) thiab tocopherols (E306). Synthetic antioxidants muaj xws li propyl gallate (PG, E310), tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA, E320) thiab butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, E321).
Phytochemicals: Phytochemicals tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb E-tus lej vim tias qee cov phytochemicals ua antioxidants (E300–E399), qee qhov ua cov xim sib xyaw (E100–E199), thiab lwm yam.
Industrial Application
Antioxidants: Antioxidants yog siv los ua preservatives hauv zaub mov thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog cov tshuaj antioxidants ntuj xws li ascorbic acid, tocopherols, propyl gallate, tertiary butyl hydroquinone, butylated hydroxyanisole thiab butylated hydroxytoluene. Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, cov tshuaj antioxidants nquag ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam uas tsis yog khoom noj. Nws yog siv los ua stabilizers nyob rau hauv roj thiab lubricants los inhibit oxidation, nyob rau hauv roj av los inhibit lub polymerization uas ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm engine-fouling residues thiab tiv thaiv lub degradation ntawm roj hmab thiab roj av.
Phytochemicals: Phytochemicals tau dav siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus (khoom noj khoom haus, nutraceuticals) rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis sib kis.
Txoj Kev Ntsuas
Antioxidants: Antioxidant cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog tshuaj xyuas siv lub zog radical lossis txheeb xyuas qhov txo qis. Piv txwv yog DPPH radical scavenging method, Hydroxyl radical scavenging act, oxygen radical absorbance peev (ORAC), ABTS radical scavenging method lossis ferric txo kev ua si lossis FRAF assay.
Phytochemicals: Phytochemicals raug tshuaj xyuas siv tus qauv phytochemical. Piv txwv li, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus phenolic raug tshuaj xyuas siv Folin-Cioc alteu colorimetric txoj kev nrog kev pab los ntawm cov qauv phenolic compound hu ua Gallic acid.
Kev poob qis
Antioxidants: Antioxidants muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev degradation thaum lawv nthuav tawm oxygen, tshav ntuj, kub, thiab lwm yam. Raws li piv txwv cov vitamins A, C lossis E antioxidants tuaj yeem rhuav tshem los ntawm kev khaws cia ntev lossis ua zaub mov ntev.
Phytochemicals: Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant, phytochemicals (tsis muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant) tuaj yeem tiv taus qee yam ua rau ib puag ncig.
Examples
Antioxidants: Selenium (Broccoli, cauliflower), allyl sulfides (dos, leeks, qej), carotenoids (txiv hmab txiv ntoo, carrots), flavonoids (califlower, Brussels sprouts, txiv hmab, radishes thiab liab cabbage), polyphenols (tea, txiv hmab txiv ntoo), vitamin C (amla, guava, daj xim zaub), vitamin A, vitamin E, Fatty acids (Nqaij, nqaij, nqaij nruab deg), lecithin (qe)
Y Phytochemicals: Isoflavones thiab lignans (soy, liab clover, whole grains thiab flaxseed), Selenium (Broccoli, cauliflower), allyl sulfides (dos, leeks, qej), carotenoids (txiv hmab txiv ntoo, carrots), flavonoids (cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, radishes thiab liab cabbage), polyphenols (tea, grapes), vitamin C (amla, guava, daj xim zaub), vitamin A, vitamin E, Fatty acids (ntses, nqaij, nqaij nruab deg), lecithin (qe).), Indoles (cabbages), terpenes (citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cherries).
Nyob rau hauv xaus, txawm hais tias ob peb phytochemicals ua hauj lwm raws li antioxidants los txhawb kev noj qab haus huv, ntau ntawm lawv muaj ntxiv zog. Nws paub tias cov neeg uas noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub kom txaus siab nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho spectrum ntawm kev noj qab haus huv-tiv thaiv antioxidants thiab phytochemicals muaj ib tug tsawg dua qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob tsis sib cuag.
