Key Difference – OOP vs POP
Ua ntej sib tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm OOP thiab POP, cia peb ua ntej saib qee lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm. Muaj ntau ntau txoj hauv kev rau cov txheej txheem programming thaum tsim cov kev daws teeb meem rau ntau hom teeb meem siv programming. Cov txheej txheem no yog hu ua programming paradigms. Feem ntau cov lus programming poob rau hauv ib lub ntsiab lus, tab sis yuav muaj cov lus uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) thiab Txheej Txheem Oriented Programming (POP) yog ob qho kev ua haujlwm zoo li no. Ob lub ntsiab lus no feem ntau txawv vim qhov kev paub daws teeb meem uas lawv tsim thaum tsim kev daws teeb meem. Ib qho abstraction nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev programming cais qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm tus neeg siv qhov kev xav. Qhov txawv ntawm POP thiab OPP yog tias POP tsim thiab siv cov txheej txheem abstractions thaum OOP tsom rau cov ntaub ntawv abstractions.
OOP yog dab tsi?
Object Oriented Programming (OOP) yog raws li ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb; khoom thiab chav kawm. Cov khoom yog cov qauv uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawd. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem siv los ua qauv rau lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag. Cov khoom muaj ob yam ntxwv; lub xeev thiab tus cwj pwm. Cov chav kawm txhais cov ntaub ntawv tawm tswv yim thiab cov txheej txheem rau ib hom lossis ib chav kawm ntawm cov khoom. Hauv lwm lo lus, chav kawm yog daim phiaj xwm ntawm ib qho khoom.
OOP txoj hauv kev tsom mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua li ntawm cov algorithm rau kev tuav cov ntaub ntawv. Txij li thaum ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua haujlwm uas tswj cov ntaub ntawv tau ntim rau hauv cov khoom, tsis muaj kev hloov kho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm sab nraud. Ntawd yog, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib qho khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem nkag los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lwm yam khoom. Qhov no ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib qho kev pab cuam. Tab sis, kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib yam khoom tuaj yeem nkag mus rau lwm yam khoom uas cia cov khoom sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg. Qhov no invoking ntawm txoj kev ntawm ib yam khoom los ntawm txoj kev ntawm lwm yam khoom yog hu ua lus hla.
OOP programming muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb; abstraction, encapsulation, polymorphism, thiab qub txeeg qub teg. Lub hom phiaj ntawm abstraction yog los qhia tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau tus neeg siv kom txo qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov teeb meem. Encapsulation yog qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv ib yam khoom. Cov txheej txheem ntawm qhov twg ib chav kawm tau txais cov khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lwm chav kawm yog hu ua qub txeeg qub teg. Polymorphism yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm uas muaj ntau yam kos npe lossis ib yam khoom coj txawv txawv.
OOP kuj txhawb kev hloov pauv siab. Ntxiv cov haujlwm tshiab lossis cov ntaub ntawv tsis tas yuav hloov kho cov haujlwm tiav. Nws tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim los ntawm kev tsim cov khoom tshiab vim tias cov khoom muaj kev ywj pheej los tshaj tawm thiab txhais. Yog li, OOP tuaj yeem ua tau zoo thiab ua haujlwm siab.
Xav txog qhov kev tsim qauv, OOP ua raws li hauv qab-up. Qee hom OOP nrov yog Java, Python, Perl, VB. NET, thiab C ++.
Python yog hom lus OOP nrov.
POP yog dab tsi?
Txoj Haujlwm Oriented Programming (POP) saib qhov teeb meem raws li ib ntus ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua thiab yog raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev hu xov tooj. Cov kev zov me nyuam tau muab faib ua ntu me me hu ua cov txheej txheem - tseem hu ua cov txheej txheem, cov txheej txheem, cov txheej txheem lossis cov haujlwm. Cov txheej txheem hais txog qhov algorithm ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv qhov kev zov me nyuam. Ntawd yog, cov txheej txheem muaj cov txheej txheem suav ua kom ua tiav. Vim tias cov haujlwm no yog kev coj ua, siv cov lus POP tej zaum yuav ua pov thawj nyuaj thaum ua qauv teeb meem hauv ntiaj teb tiag.
POP tsom ntau ntxiv rau kev sau cov npe ntawm cov lus qhia kom qhia rau lub khoos phis tawj yuav ua li cas ib ntus. Kev saib xyuas tsawg dua yog muab rau cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog qhov program. Cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem dhau ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab txhua tus txheej txheem hloov cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ib daim ntawv mus rau lwm qhov. Feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog thoob ntiaj teb thiab tuaj yeem nkag mus tau dawb los ntawm txhua qhov haujlwm hauv qhov system. Thiab txij li POP tsis txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem zoo rau kev zais cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev zov me nyuam yuav tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb. Qee qhov haujlwm yuav muaj lawv cov ntaub ntawv hauv zos.
Hauv POP, nws yuav nyuaj rau txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv twg yog siv los ntawm qhov ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm txij li cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb tau sib koom ntau ntawm cov haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau hloov, tag nrho cov kev khiav hauj lwm uas tau nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muab kho dua thiab. Qhov no tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov kev pab cuam, thiab kab thiab yuam kev yuav ntog.
Xav txog qhov tsim qauv tsim, POP cov lus siv txoj hauv kev saum-down. Vim hais tias cov lus POP qhia meej meej rau lub xeev ntawm kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig, lawv tseem hu ua cov lus tseem ceeb. Piv txwv rau cov lus POP no yog COBOL, Pascal, FORTRAN, thiab C Language.
C yog hom lus POP nrov.
Qhov txawv ntawm OOP thiab POP yog dab tsi?
Definition of OOP and POP
OOP: Object Oriented Programming yog ib qho programming paradigm uas tsom rau cov ntaub ntawv abstractions.
POP: Cov txheej txheem Oriented Programming yog ib qho programming paradigm uas tsom rau cov txheej txheem abstractions.
Txoj kev ntawm OOP thiab POP
Problem Decomposition
OOP: Hauv OOP txoj hauv kev, cov kev pab cuam tau muab faib ua ntu hu ua khoom.
POP: hauv POP txoj hauv kev, cov kev pabcuam tau muab faib ua haujlwm.
Focus
OOP: Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm OOP yog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog qhov program.
POP: Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm POP yog ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem uas tswj cov ntaub ntawv.
Txoj Kev Tsim Nyog
OOP: OOP Ua raws li kev qhia hauv qab.
POP: POP Ua raws li kev nce qib saum toj.
Siv cov ntaub ntawv
OOP: Hauv OOP, txhua yam khoom tswj cov ntaub ntawv hauv nws.
POP: Hauv POP, feem ntau cov haujlwm siv cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb.
Access to Data
OOP: Hauv OOP, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib qho khoom tsuas yog nkag tau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ntawd.
POP: Hauv POP, cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm.
Access Specifiers
OOP: OOP muaj kev nkag mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb xws li Public, Private, thiab lwm yam.
POP: POP tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb nkag.
Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv
OOP: Txij li OOP muab cov ntaub ntawv zais, cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam nrog qhov kev zov me nyuam muaj kev nyab xeeb.
POP: POP tsis muab cov txheej txheem zais cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tsis ruaj ntseg.
Kev hloov kho yooj yim
OOP: OOP muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab ua haujlwm yam tsis tau hloov kho cov haujlwm uas twb muaj lawm.
POP: Hauv POP, yog tias cov ntaub ntawv tshiab lossis cov haujlwm yuav tsum tau ntxiv, qhov program uas twb muaj lawm yuav tsum tau kho dua.
Us hom lus
OOP: C ++, Java, VB. NET, C. NET, thiab lwm yam yog siv los ntawm OOP.
POP: FORTRAN, Pascal, C, VB, COBOL, thiab lwm yam yog siv los ntawm POP.
Image Courtesy: "Python logo thiab wordmark" los ntawm www.python.org - https://www.python.org/community/logos/.(GPL) via Commons “The C Programming Language logo” by Rezonansowy – Cov ntaub ntawv no tau muab los ntawm: C Programming Language, First Edition Cover.svg. (Public Domain) via Commons
