Ancient Greek vs Modern Greek
Ancient Greek thiab Niaj hnub nimno Greek yog ob hom lus Greek uas muaj qee qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem ua raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm kev xav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias Greek belongs rau Greek pab pawg neeg ntawm Indo-European tsev neeg ntawm hom lus. Cov pab pawg no muaj lwm yam lus suav nrog Doric, Ionic, thiab Attic. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Ancient Greek thiab Niaj hnub nimno Greek yog kev hais lus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev soj ntsuam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tuaj yeem ua tau txawm tias qhov sib txawv no yog Ancient Greek tsis yog neeg txawv teb chaws rau niaj hnub Greek li Latin yog lus Mev lossis Fab Kis. Ua raws li qhov xav tau, cia peb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv txog Ancient Greek thiab niaj hnub Greek.
Nws ntseeg tias Ancient Greek coj cov duab Greek niaj hnub nyob rau hauv kwv yees li 3000 xyoo. Yog li ntawd, lawv suav hais tias yog hom lus cognate uas yog tib tsev neeg tab sis tseem qhia qee qhov txawv ntawm lawv. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias Niaj hnub nimno Greek tau muab los rau ntau qhov feem ntau los ntawm Ancient Greek. Qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ob hom Greek yog ob qho tib si hauv phonological thiab morphological kev nkag siab. Muaj, tau kawg, qee qhov txawv ntawm ob hom Greek thaum nws los txog rau lawv cov lus tsim lossis morphology.
Nws yog qhov tseeb lees paub tias tus neeg uas tau kawm Greek Niaj hnub nimno yuav nyob hauv txoj haujlwm kom nkag siab yam tsawg 50% ntawm cov ntawv Greek Ancient. Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov hauv paus hniav zoo ib yam nyob rau niaj hnub thiab Ancient Greek, muaj qee qhov sib txawv thaum nws los txog rau kev siv cov qauv sau ntawv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias ob qho tib si qhia qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab. Lub syntax yog ceg ntawm kev sib piv philology uas cuam tshuam nrog txoj hauv kev uas cov lus tau koom ua ke los ua kab lus. Hauv lwm lo lus, syntax cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim kab lus. Nws tau nkag siab tias ob qho tib si thaum ub thiab niaj hnub Greek sib txawv ntawm ib leeg hauv txoj kev ua cov kab lus hauv lawv.
Ancient Greek tau hloov pauv ntau dhau los ua Greek niaj hnub. Cov kev hloov no yog ob qho tib si phonetic thiab semantic hauv tus cwj pwm. Phonetic hloov pauv yog cov kev hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub suab whereas semantic hloov yog cov kev hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib lo lus nyob rau hauv ib tug gradual yam.
Ancient Greek yog dab tsi?
Ancient Greek yog hom lus Greek uas muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb los ntawm xyoo pua 9 BC mus rau xyoo pua 6 AD. Thaum nws los txog rau phonology, muaj qee qhov tseeb nthuav. Nyob rau hauv Ancient Greek, peb tuaj yeem pom cov suab ntev thiab luv, ntau tus diphthongs, ib leeg thiab ob tus lej, thiab lub suab nrov.
Thaum nws los txog rau morphology thiab syntax, Ancient Greek muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li opative mus ob peb vas, infinitve, dual tooj, dative case thiab participles.
Cov tsiaj ntawv Greek
Greek niaj hnub yog dab tsi?
Niaj hnub Greek tau pom nyob ib puag ncig xyoo 1453 AD. Nyob rau hauv phonology ntawm niaj hnub Greek, peb tuaj yeem pom tias lub suab nrov tau hloov pauv mus rau kev ntxhov siab, feem ntau cov diphthongs tau ploj mus, thiab tag nrho cov lus thiab cov lus luv luv.
Thaum nws los txog rau morphology thiab syntax, Niaj hnub nimno Greek poob nta xws li opative mus ob peb vas, infinitve, dual tooj, dative case, thiab participles. Txawm li cas los xij, niaj hnub Greek tau txais cov yam ntxwv xws li gerund, auxiliary verb forms rau qee cov lus qhia, thiab modal particle.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Ancient Greek thiab niaj hnub Greek?
Lub Sijhawm:
• Ancient Greek yog hom lus Greek uas muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb los ntawm 9th caug xyoo BC txog 6th caug xyoo AD.
• Niaj hnub Greek tau pom nyob ib puag ncig 1453 AD.
Cov Ntawv Sau Npe thiab Cov Ntawv Tsawg:
• Ancient Greek tsuas muaj tsiaj ntawv loj xwb.
• Hauv Greek niaj hnub no, koj tuaj yeem pom cov peev, nrog rau cov ntawv qis lossis cov ntawv yooj yim.
Sounds:
• Suab xws li , [d], thiab [g] muaj nyob rau hauv Ancient Greek.
• Cov Greek niaj hnub no tsis muaj , [d], thiab [g] raws li lawv tau hloov los ntawm cov suab nrov xws li [v], [th], thiab [gh].
Phonology:
• Nyob rau hauv Ancient Greek, peb tuaj yeem pom cov vowels ntev thiab luv, ntau tus diphthongs, ib leeg thiab ob tus consonants, thiab suab nrov.
• Nyob rau hauv lub phonology ntawm niaj hnub Greek, peb pom tau hais tias lub suab nrov tau hloov mus rau kev ntxhov siab, feem ntau diphthongs ploj lawm, thiab tag nrho cov consonants thiab vowels luv.
Morphology thiab Syntax:
• Ancient Greek muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li lub siab xav, tsis muaj hnub kawg, tus lej dual, rooj plaub, thiab koom nrog.
• Cov Greek niaj hnub poob tag nrho cov yam ntxwv saum toj no thiab tau txais cov yam ntxwv xws li gerund, auxiliary verb forms rau qee cov lus qhia, thiab modal particle.
