YSodium Hydroxide vs Potassium Hydroxide
Sodium Hydroxide thiab Potassium Hydroxide qhia qee qhov zoo sib xws tab sis, muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Potassium Hydroxide thiab Sodium Hydroxide yog ob qho tib si muaj zog alkaline hydroxides, tsim los ntawm cov hlau ions ntawm tib pab pawg hauv lub sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ntawm view, lawv yog ob qho tib si inorganic tebchaw, muaj zog puag, thiab muaj corrosive heev zog. Lawv yog me ntsis zoo ib yam rau ib leeg nyob rau hauv tsos, chemical zog, thiab reactivity nrog acids. Tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv lawv cov chemistry thiab kev siv tswv yim.
Hauv kev siv hauv kev lag luam, ib qho yog lwm txoj hauv kev rau lwm tus. Tab sis, Sodium hydroxide kuj muaj ntau thiab pheej yig dua li Potassium hydroxide. Vim yog tus nqi tsim nyog, Sodium hydroxide feem ntau yog siv rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Tab sis Potassium hydroxide muaj nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb ib yam nkaus.
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) yog dab tsi?
Sodium hydroxide yog cov khoom dawb, lub hauv paus muaj zog, nws yog xim hlau hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide yog muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm granules, flakes, pellets thiab 50% (w / w) raws li ib tug saturated tov nrog dej. Sodium hydroxide yog nto moo li "caustic soda" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov kev lag luam. Nws yog heev soluble nyob rau hauv dej, ib nrab soluble nyob rau hauv ethanol thiab methanol thiab insoluble nyob rau hauv non-polar solvents. Cov cua kub ntau ntau yog tso tawm thaum cov khoom siv sodium hydroxide yaj hauv dej hauv dej. Qhov no yog vim nws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic heev.
Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) yog dab tsi?
Potassium hydroxide yog ib qho khoom siv hlau tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov tshuaj KOH, thiab nws tseem hu ua "caustic potash." Rau cov kws kho mob, nws yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv paus thiab nws muaj ntau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam ib yam nkaus. Cov khoom sib xyaw no yog cov khoom lag luam muaj xws li daj lossis dawb pellets. Nws yuav nplaum heev los ntawm kev nqus dej vim nws muaj hygroscopic heev thiab nws nyuaj rau lub cev qhuav dej.
Zoo ib yam li NaOH, dissolving KOH hauv dej yog exothermic heev. Cov tshuaj potassium hydroxide ntau ntau yog qhov txaus ntshai heev; Txawm tias qhov qis dua (0.5%) yog khaus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab siab dua 2.0% qib yog corrosive.
Qhov txawv ntawm Sodium Hydroxide thiab Potassium Hydroxide yog dab tsi?
Lub cev muaj zog:
Molecular hnyav:
Lawv yog cov hydroxides ntawm ob tus neeg sib law liag ntawm pawg I hlau: Sodium (Na) thiab Potassium (K).
• Molecular hnyav ntawm potassium hydroxide yog 56.11 g mol−1
• Molecular hnyav ntawm sodium hydroxide yog 39. 9971 g mol−1
• Molecular hnyav ntawm poov tshuaj hydroxide yog siab dua li ntawm sodium hydroxide vim poov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm 3 thaum Sodium nyob rau hauv pawg 2 nyob rau hauv lub periodic table.
Electrical conductivity:
• Potassium hydroxide yog cov khoom siv ntau dua li sodium hydroxide. Yog li ntawd, KOH yog siv los ua ib qho electrolyte hauv cov roj teeb tshuaj.
Solubility:
• Potassium hydroxide (KOH) soluble hauv dej ntau dua Sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
• Txog 121 g ntawm KOH yog soluble hauv 100 ml dej, piv rau 100 g ntawm NaOH hauv 100 ml dej.
Reactivity nrog dej:
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm poov tshuaj hydroxide yog tsawg dua exothermic dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm sodium hydroxide nrog dej.
Tus nqi:
• Potassium hydroxide kim dua sodium hydroxide.
Kev siv kev lag luam:
Feem ntau ntawm cov xwm txheej, potassium hydroxide thiab sodium hydroxide tuaj yeem siv sib hloov.
YPotassium Hydroxide:
• Potassium hydroxide yog siv hauv xab npum thiab hauv kev lag luam chiv.
• Potassium hydroxide kuj tseem siv los ua poov tshuaj permanganate thiab potassium carbonate.
Sodium hydroxide:
• Sodium hydroxide yog lub hauv paus rau cov kws tshuaj thiab nws tseem ceeb heev hauv cov txheej txheem tsim ntawv.
• Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam zaub mov, kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce, thiab ntau ntxiv. Piv txwv li, rau cov plaub hau ncaj, ua xab npum, tu, roj av refining, thiab rau tsiaj carcasses dissolving.
