Primary vs Secondary Hypertension
Hypertension yog qhov siab ntawm cov ntshav siab tshaj 140/90 mmHg. Lub twj tso kua mis ntawm lub plawv ua rau lub siab siab peaks thiab troughs. Thaum sab laug ventricle ntawm lub plawv sib cog lus thiab xa cov ntshav mus rau hauv lub aorta, cov ntshav siab siab kawg tshwm sim. Lub ncov no yog khaws cia rau lub sijhawm luv luv nrog kev pab ntawm elastic recoil ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj. Lub ncov no hu ua systolic ntshav siab. Hauv cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv, cov ntshav siab systolic qis dua 140 mmHg. Thaum lub ventricles so cov ntshav siab poob qis hauv qab lub ncov, tab sis tsis ncav cuag xoom vim yog elastic recoil ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj. Lub trough no hu ua diastolic ntshav siab. Hauv cov neeg laus noj qab haus huv, cov ntshav siab diastolic qis dua 90 mmHg. (Nyeem ntxiv: Qhov txawv ntawm Systolic thiab Diastolic Ntshav Siab)
Ntshav siab yog nruj tswj hwm los ntawm lub paj hlwb autonomic. Muaj cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb hauv cov hlab ntsha. Tsis tshua muaj siab sensors nyob rau hauv txoj cai atrium, thiab superior thiab inferior vena cava. Thaum cov ntshav siab poob qis, cov sensors no tau txais kev txhawb nqa thiab xa cov hlab ntsha impulses raws cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau nruab nrab. Rov qab cov teeb liab los ntawm midbrain nce lub plawv dhia thiab lub zog ntawm contraction ntawm sab laug ventricle. Qhov no xa ntau cov ntshav mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, ua rau cov ntshav venous rov qab mus rau txoj cai atrium, thiab zoo dua thiab qis dua vena cava. Kev kub siab sensors nyob rau hauv lub cev carotid. Thaum cov no tau txais kev txhawb nqa vim ntshav siab, qhov kev xav tau xa los ntawm cov sensors mus rau hauv nruab nrab lub hlwb ua rau lub plawv dhia qeeb thiab tsis muaj zog ventricular contractions. Ntshav siab nyob ntawm ntau yam. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb ntawm lub plawv dhia, quab yuam ntawm ventricular contraction, ntshav ntim hauv kev ncig, paj hlwb impulses, tshuaj teeb liab, thiab cov hlab ntsha phab ntsa.
Primary Hypertension
Primary hypertension yog qhov siab ntawm cov ntshav siab tshaj li qub rau lub hnub nyoog vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev laus. Qhov no suav nrog ntau dua 95% ntawm cov neeg mob. Kev poob ntawm elastic recoil ntawm phab ntsa hlab ntsha yog ib qho cim tshwj xeeb hauv kev kub siab tseem ceeb. Ntau tus neeg pom tias lawv muaj ntshav siab txawm tias lawv tsis muaj keeb kwm yav dhau los, tsis muaj keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg lossis cov xwm txheej muaj feem cuam tshuam. Hom ntshav siab no yog idiopathic, thiab nws teb rau kev hloov kho txoj kev ua neej yooj yim thiab kho tshuaj.
Secondary Hypertension
Secondary hypertension yog qhov siab ntawm cov ntshav siab tshaj li ib txwm muaj rau lub hnub nyoog vim yog qhov kuaj pom ua ntej ua ntej. Feem ntau ua rau cov ntshav siab theem nrab yog, kab mob raum, kab mob endocrine, coarctation ntawm aorta, cev xeeb tub, thiab tshuaj. Mob ntev thiab mob raum tsis ua haujlwm yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kua dej tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, muaj kua tsub zuj zuj, nce ntshav ntim, thiab nce ntshav siab. Cortisol yog lub davhlau, ntshai, thiab tawm tsam cov tshuaj hormones. Nws ua rau lub cev npaj ua haujlwm. Cortisol nce ntshav siab, lub plawv dhia thiab hloov ntshav los ntawm peripheral ncig mus rau hauv lub cev tseem ceeb. Tus kab mob Cushings yog vim qhov tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm cortisol. Conns syndrome yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev tso tawm ntau dhau ntawm aldosterone. Aldosterone khaws cov kua dej. Coarctation ntawm aorta ua rau tsis zoo venous rov qab mus rau qhov tsis tshua muaj siab sensors thiab theem nrab ntawm cov ntshav siab. Cev xeeb tub ua rau lub fetus ncig thiab kua dej tuav. Steroids muaj cov nyhuv zoo ib yam li Cushings syndrome. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj tseem khaws cov kua dej.
Qhov txawv ntawm Primary thiab Secondary Hypertension yog dab tsi?
• Primary hypertension tsis muaj qhov kuaj pom tau thaum mob ntshav siab theem nrab muaj.
• Primary hypertension is common while secondary hypertension tsis yog.
• Primary hypertension yog kho tau yooj yim dua thaum mob ntshav siab thib ob yog tiv thaiv kev kho mob tshwj tsis yog kho cov kab mob hauv qab no.
Nyeem ntxiv:
Qhov txawv Ntawm Ntshav Siab thiab Hypotension
