Catalyst vs Enzyme
Thaum ib lossis ntau cov reactants hloov mus rau cov khoom, lawv yuav dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab hloov lub zog. Cov ntawv cog lus tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov reactants tau tawg, thiab cov ntawv cog lus tshiab tau tsim los tsim cov khoom, uas txawv kiag li ntawm cov reactants. Hom kev hloov kho tshuaj no yog hu ua tshuaj lom neeg. Ib qho molecule yuav tsum tau qhib ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem raug tshuaj tiv thaiv. Molecules ib txwm tsis muaj zog ntau nrog lawv, tsuas yog qee zaus qee cov molecules nyob rau hauv lub zog lub xeev, kom muaj kev cuam tshuam. Qhov twg muaj ob lub reactants, kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim, cov reactants yuav tsum sib tsoo nrog ib leeg nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia kom raug. Txawm hais tias reactants tsuas yog ntsib ib leeg, feem ntau ntsib tsis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam. Cov kev soj ntsuam no tau muab lub tswv yim ntawm muaj lub zog thaiv kev cuam tshuam.
Catalyst yog dab tsi?
Ib tus catalyst txo qis lub zog thaiv rau qhov kev tshwm sim, yog li ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sai dua rau ob qho tib si. Catalysts tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog hom tsiaj, uas nce tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis tseem tsis hloov pauv tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm hais tias catalyst tuaj yeem hloov nws daim ntawv thaum lub sijhawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws hloov rov qab mus rau daim ntawv qub thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tiav. Txawm hais tias tus catalyst nce qhov nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws tsis cuam tshuam rau txoj haujlwm ntawm kev sib npaug. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis-catalyzed, qhov ua kom lub zog thaiv kev ua haujlwm siab yog siab piv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv catalyzed. Kev ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tuaj yeem siab dua yog tias lub xeev hloov pauv muaj qhov ua tsis tau zoo heev. Catalysts tuaj yeem txo lub zog no los ntawm kev khi cov reactant molecule nyob rau hauv lub xeev nruab nrab uas zoo li lub xeev hloov. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub binding txo lub zog catalyzing cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, catalyst tuaj yeem khi ob lub reacting molecules thiab taw qhia lawv kom lawv muaj feem cuam tshuam. Yog li, catalyst nce tus nqi los ntawm kev txo qis entropy ntawm kev ua hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Catalysis tuaj yeem categorized li heterogeneous catalysis thiab homogenous catalysis. Yog hais tias cov catalyst thiab reactants nyob rau hauv ob theem, ces nws yog hais tias yog ib tug heterogeneous catalysis (xws li: khoom catalysis nrog kua reactants). Thiab yog tias lawv nyob rau tib theem (khoom, kua lossis roj), nws yog homogenous catalysis. Catalysts feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv chemical laboratory thiab industries, kom cov efficiency ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Feem ntau ntawm cov d thaiv hlau zoo li Pt, Pd, Cu yog ib txwm muaj rau lawv cov kev ua haujlwm catalytic.
YEnzyme yog dab tsi?
Enzymes yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj ntsha macromolecules. Lawv yog cov protein molecules, qee zaum khi nrog lwm cov hlau, co enzymes, lossis pab pawg prosthetic. Enzymes yog cov khoom siv roj ntsha, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov mob me me. Feem ntau enzymes xav tau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb los ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, lawv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, pH thiab lwm yam Enzymes yog cov proteins, yog li thaum lawv raug kub siab, ntsev concentration, mechanical force, organic solvents thiab concentrated acid lossis base solutions, lawv nyiam denaturize. Ob lub zog uas pom tau tias ua rau lub enzyme muaj zog catalyst yog:
– Lawv qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm substrate khi.
– Kev npaj zoo ntawm cov pab pawg catalytic hauv qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme
Qhov txawv ntawm Catalyst thiab Enzyme yog dab tsi?
• Enzymes yog cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg, thiab lawv paub tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Lawv ua rau kev txhim kho tus nqi, uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj dua qhov zoo tshaj plaws tshuaj catalysts.
• Catalysts tuaj yeem yog cov organic lossis inorganic, thiab cov enzymes yog cov organic catalysts.
• Enzymes tshwj xeeb rau cov substrates. Tab sis lwm cov catalysts tsis yog li ntawd.
• Tsuas yog ib feem me me ntawm ib qho enzyme, lub npe hu ua lub vev xaib nquag koom nrog cov txheej txheem catalytic, uas txawv lawv ntawm lwm cov catalysts.
