Electromagnetic Radiation vs Electromagnetic Waves
Zog yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Nws raug khaws cia thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb lub cev, tsis tau tsim lossis tsis raug rhuav tshem tab sis hloov pauv ntawm ib daim ntawv mus rau lwm qhov. Tib neeg thev naus laus zis, feem ntau, yog los ntawm kev paub txog cov txheej txheem los tswj cov ntaub ntawv no, los tsim cov txiaj ntsig xav tau. Hauv physics, lub zog yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav, nrog rau qhov teeb meem. Electromagnetic hluav taws xob tau piav qhia thawj zaug los ntawm tus kws kho mob James Clarke Maxwell hauv xyoo 1860's.
Ntau txog Electromagnetic Radiation
hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog ib qho ntawm ntau hom hluav taws xob hauv ntiaj teb. Electromagnetic hluav taws xob pib los ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab cov hlau nplaum sib txuas mus rau cov hluav taws xob nrawm. Thaum tshawb xyuas ze, electromagnetic nthwv dej qhia ob hom kev sib txawv ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Txij li thaum nws qhia yoj zoo li tus cwj pwm, nws yog hu ua electromagnetic yoj. Nws kuj qhia txog cov khoom zoo li cov khoom, yog li ntawd, suav tias yog ib qho kev sau (kwj) ntawm lub zog pob khoom (quanta).
Feem ntau, cov nthwv dej electromagnetic raug tso tawm los ntawm qhov chaw vim yog ib qho ntawm ob qho laj thawj; i.e. thermal lossis nonthermal hluav taws xob mechanisms. Thermal emission yog tshwm sim los ntawm excitation ntawm hluav taws xob nqi thiab yog kiag li nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm lub system. Lub cev phenomena xws li dub-lub cev hluav taws xob dawb-dawb emission (Bremsstrahlung emission) nyob rau hauv ionized gases thiab spectral kab emissions nyob rau hauv qeb no. Nonthermal emission tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias synchrotron hluav taws xob, gyrosynchrotron emission, thiab quantum txheej txheem yog nyob rau hauv qeb no
Electromagnetic hluav taws xob nqa lub zog tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Ascribing rau nws particle xwm, nws muaj ob qho tib si momentum thiab angular momentum. Lub zog thiab lub zog yuav raug xa mus, thaum cuam tshuam nrog teeb meem.
Ntau txog Electromagnetic Waves
hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog lub nthwv dej hla, qhov chaw hluav taws xob thiab thaj chaw sib nqus oscillate perpendicularly rau ib leeg thiab mus rau kev taw qhia ntawm kev nthuav tawm. Lub zog ntawm nthwv dej yog nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom sib nqus ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tsis muaj qhov nruab nrab rau kev nthuav tawm. Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, electromagnetic vuag ncig ntawm lub teeb nrawm, uas yog qhov tsis tu ncua (2.9979 x 108ms-1). Kev siv hluav taws xob / lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab cov hlau nplaum muaj qhov sib piv tsis tu ncua, thiab lawv oscillate nyob rau theem (piv txwv li lub ncov thiab cov troughs tshwm sim tib lub sijhawm thaum nthuav tawm)
Electromagnetic tsis muaj zaus thiab wavelength thiab txaus siab rau qhov sib npaug v=fλ. Raws li qhov zaus (los yog wavelength) electromagnetic nthwv dej tuaj yeem teem rau hauv ascending (los yog nqis) kom tsim tau cov electromagnetic spectrum. Raws li cov zaus, cov electromagnetic tsis tau muab faib ua ntau yam. Gamma, X, ultraviolet (UV), pom, infrared (IR), microwave, thiab xov tooj cua yog cov kev faib loj hauv kev faib tawm ntawm electromagnetic spectrum. Lub teeb yog ib feem me me ntawm electromagnetic spectrum.
Qhov txawv ntawm Electromagnetic Radiation thiab Electromagnetic Waves yog dab tsi?
Electromagnetic hluav taws xob yog ib hom ntawm lub zog, uas yog pib los ntawm kev nce nqi, whereas electromagnetic yoj yog ib tug qauv siv los piav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm cov emissions.
(Tsuas yog tus qauv nthwv dej yog siv rau qhov emission los piav qhia nws tus cwj pwm, li no hu ua electromagnetic yoj)
