Ethyl cawv vs Ethanol
Ethyl cawv thiab ethanol yog ob lub npe muab los qhia tib yam khoom. Ethyl cawv yog lub npe dav thiab ethanol yog lub npe IUPAC. Cov dej cawv muaj npe nrog lub ntsiab lus -ol raws li IUPAC nomenclature. Ua ntej, qhov txuas txuas txuas ntev tshaj plaws uas cov pawg hydroxyl txuas ncaj qha yuav tsum raug xaiv. Tom qab ntawd lub npe ntawm qhov sib thooj alkane raug hloov los ntawm kev xa rov qab e kawg thiab ntxiv cov lus kawg ol. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tsev neeg cawv yog qhov muaj -OH ua haujlwm pab pawg (hydroxyl pawg). Feem ntau, pawg -OH no txuas nrog sp 3hybridized carbon. Ethanol yog ib qho cawv me me. Txij li thaum pawg -OH txuas nrog cov pa roj carbon atom nrog ob hydrogens, ethanol yog thawj cawv.
Cawv muaj qhov kub hnyiab ntau dua li cov hydrocarbons lossis ethers. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog qhov muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov cawv molecules los ntawm hydrogen bonding. Yog tias pawg R yog me me, cawv yog miscible nrog dej, tab sis raws li cov pab pawg R tau loj dua, nws zoo li hydrophobic. Cawv yog polar. C-O daim ntawv cog lus thiab O-H daim ntawv cog lus ua rau lub polarity ntawm cov molecule. Polarization ntawm O-H daim ntawv cog lus ua rau cov hydrogen ib feem zoo thiab piav qhia txog acidity ntawm cawv. Cawv yog cov tsis muaj zog acids, thiab cov acidity yog ze rau cov dej. -OH yog ib pab pawg neeg pluag, vim OH– yog lub hauv paus muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, protonation ntawm cawv hloov cov neeg pluag tawm hauv pawg -OH mus rau hauv pab pawg tawm zoo (H2O). Cov pa roj carbon, uas txuas ncaj qha rau pawg -OH, yog ib feem zoo; Yog li ntawd, nws yog susceptible rau nucleophilic nres. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov electron khub ntawm cov pa atom ua rau nws ob qho tib si hauv paus thiab nucleophilic.
Ethyl Alcohol
Ethyl cawv feem ntau hu ua ethanol. Ethanol yog ib qho cawv yooj yim nrog cov mis molecular ntawm C2H5OH. Nws yog cov kua ntshiab, tsis muaj xim, nrog cov yam ntxwv tsw. Tsis tas li ntawd, ethanol yog cov kua ua kua. Melting point ntawm ethanol yog -114.1 o C, thiab kub taw tes yog 78.5 o C. Ethanol yog polar vim qhov sib txawv ntawm electronegativity ntawm oxygen thiab hydrogen hauv pawg -OH. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim yog pawg -OH, nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen.
Ethyl cawv yog siv los ua dej haus. Raws li ethanol feem pua, muaj ntau hom dej haus xws li cawv, npias, whiskey, brandy, arrack, thiab lwm yam Ethanol tau yooj yim tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem qab zib fermentation siv zymase enzyme. Cov enzyme no tshwm sim hauv cov poov xab, yog li hauv kev ua pa anaerobic, poov xab tuaj yeem tsim ethanol. Ethanol yog tshuaj lom rau lub cev, thiab nws hloov mus rau acetaldehyde hauv daim siab, uas yog tshuaj lom. Lwm yam tshaj li dej haus ethanol tuaj yeem siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntxuav cov kab mob microorganisms. Nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua roj thiab roj additive hauv tsheb. Ethanol yog miscible nrog dej, thiab nws kuj yog ib qho hnyav hnyav.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ethyl cawv thiab Ethanol yog dab tsi?
• Cov tshuaj uas hais los ntawm ob lub npe yog tib yam.
• Ethyl cawv yog lub npe dav uas ethanol yog lub npe IUPAC.
