Qhov txawv ntawm ethyl cawv thiab isopropyl cawv yog tias ethyl cawv yog thawj cawv thaum isopropyl cawv yog cawv thib ob.
Ethyl cawv thiab isopropyl cawv yog cawv vim lawv muaj -OH pawg. Cov no yog cov cawv me me hauv koob nrog ob lossis peb carbons. Pab pawg OH txuas nrog sp3 hybridized carbon. Ob leeg yog cov kua polar thiab muaj peev xwm tsim cov hydrogen bonds. Yog li ntawd, ob qho tib si ntawm cov tebchaw no muaj qee qhov zoo sib xws ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg nrog rau qee qhov sib txawv.
Ethyl cawv yog dab tsi?
Ethyl cawv yog qhov peb paub zoo li ethanol. Ethanol yog ib qho cawv yooj yim nrog cov mis molecular ntawm C2H5OH. Nws yog cov kua ntshiab, tsis muaj xim, nrog cov yam ntxwv tsw. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib xyaw no yog cov kua ua kua. Nws melting point yog -114.1oC thiab boiling point yog 78.5oC. Ethanol yog polar vim qhov sib txawv ntawm electronegativity ntawm oxygen thiab hydrogen hauv pawg -OH. Tsis tas li ntawd, vim yog pawg -OH, nws tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen.
Daim duab 1: Cawv Cawv
Ethyl cawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ua dej haus. Raws li ethanol feem pua, muaj ntau hom dej haus xws li cawv, npias, whiskey, brandy, arrack, thiab lwm yam Ethanol tau yooj yim tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem qab zib fermentation siv lub zymase enzyme. Lub enzyme yog ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv poov xab; Yog li, hauv kev ua pa anaerobic, poov xab tuaj yeem tsim ethanol. Tsis tas li ntawd, ethanol no yog tshuaj lom rau lub cev, thiab nws hloov mus rau acetaldehyde hauv daim siab, uas kuj yog tshuaj lom. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li tshuaj tua kab mob los ntxuav qhov chaw los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kab mob. Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem siv nws ua roj thiab roj ntxiv hauv tsheb. Ethyl cawv yog miscible nrog dej, thiab nws ua hauj lwm raws li cov kuab tshuaj zoo ib yam.
Isopropyl cawv yog dab tsi?
Isopropyl cawv, uas tseem hu ua 2-propanol, muaj tib lub mis molecular li propanol. Nws qhov hnyav molecular yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 60 g mol-1. Cov mis mos molecular yog C3H8O. Yog li, isopropyl cawv yog ib qho isomer ntawm propanol. Cov pab pawg hydroxyl ntawm cov molecule no txuas nrog lub thib ob carbon atom hauv cov saw hlau. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog cawv thib ob.
Daim duab 2: Cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm Isopropyl cawv nyob rau hauv ib lub pob-Stick Model
Ntxiv mus, qhov melting point ntawm isopropyl cawv yog -88oC, thiab qhov kub kub yog 83oC. Nws yog miscible nrog dej thiab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj mob. Qhov no yog cov kua tsis muaj xim, ntshiab, flammable. Txij li qhov no yog ib qho cawv thib ob, nws nkag mus rau txhua qhov kev cuam tshuam rau cov cawv thib ob. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws oxidizes hnyav los tsim acetone. Raws li kev siv, cov cawv no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cov kuab tshuaj thiab siv hauv cov tshuaj, cov khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab cov khoom siv tu tus kheej. Peb kuj siv tau los ua lwm yam tshuaj.
Qhov txawv ntawm Ethyl cawv thiab Isopropyl cawv yog dab tsi?
Ethyl cawv yog ethanol, thiab isopropyl cawv yog 2-propanol. Cov no yog cov cawv me me. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ethyl cawv thiab isopropyl cawv yog tias ethyl cawv yog thawj cawv thaum isopropyl cawv yog cawv thib ob. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ethyl cawv thiab isopropyl cawv yog tias ethyl cawv muaj ob qho carbons thaum isopropyl cawv muaj peb carbons.
Thaum xav txog lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj no, hauv ethyl cawv nomenclature, cov pa roj carbon nrog - OH pawg tau txais tus lej ib. Hauv isopropyl nomenclature, cov pa roj carbon nrog -OH pawg tau txais tus lej thib ob. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum isopropyl cawv yog oxidized, acetone yog tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, aldehyde yog tsim los ntawm ethyl cawv oxidation. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm ethyl cawv thiab isopropyl cawv yog tias ethyl cawv haum rau haus, tab sis isopropyl cawv tsis yog. Qhov tseeb, Isopropyl haus cawv tuaj yeem ua rau lom.
Summary – Ethyl Alcohol vs Isopropyl Alcohol
Ethyl cawv thiab isopropyl cawv yog ob hom cawv sib txawv; lawv yog cov cawv tsawg tshaj plaws uas tuaj tom qab methanol. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ethyl cawv thiab isopropyl cawv yog tias ethyl cawv yog thawj cawv thaum isopropyl cawv yog cawv thib ob.
