YCellulose vs Cellulase
Thaum kaum lossis ntau dua ntawm cov monosaccharides koom nrog glycosidic bonds, lawv hu ua polysaccharides. Lawv tseem hu ua glycans. Muaj cov tshuaj formula yog Cx(H2O)y Polysaccharides yog polymers thiab, yog li ntawd, muaj qhov loj dua. molecular hnyav, feem ntau ntau tshaj 10000. Monosaccharide yog lub monomer ntawm no polymer. Muaj peev xwm muaj polysaccharides ua los ntawm ib qho monosaccharide thiab cov no hu ua homopolysaccharides. Cov no tuaj yeem raug cais raws li hom monosaccharide. Piv txwv li, yog tias monosaccharide yog piam thaj, ces chav tsev monomeric hu ua glucan. Polysaccharides ua los ntawm ntau tshaj ib hom monosaccharide hu ua heteropolysaccharides. Polysaccharides tuaj yeem yog liners molecules nrog 1, 4-glycosidc bonds. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem tsim cov kab molecules. Ntawm cov ntsiab lus ceg, 1, 6- glycosdic bonds tau tsim. Muaj ntau hom polysaccharides. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, cellulose, thiab glycogen yog qee yam ntawm cov polysaccharides peb paub.
Proteins yog ib hom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm macromolecules hauv cov kab mob nyob. Tag nrho cov enzymes yog cov proteins. Enzymes yog lub ntsiab molecules uas tswj tag nrho cov haujlwm metabolic. Lawv ua raws li catalysts kom ceev cov metabolism hauv peb lub cev. Enzymes muaj nyob rau hauv tib neeg, tsiaj txhu thiab microorganisms txawv. Muaj ntau cov enzymes hauv cov kab mob lom, thiab cellulase yog ib qho ntawm lawv.
Cellulose
Cellulose yog polysaccharide, uas yog tsim los ntawm qabzib. 3000 qabzib molecules los yog ntau tshaj qhov ntawd tuaj yeem koom ua ke thaum tsim cellulose. Tsis zoo li lwm cov polysaccharides, hauv cellulose, cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav tau sib koom ua ke los ntawm β (1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. Cellulose tsis ceg, thiab nws yog ib tug ncaj saw hlau polymer, tab sis vim yog hydrogen bonds ntawm molecules nws tuaj yeem tsim cov fibers nruj heev. Zoo li ntau lwm yam polysaccharides, cellulose yog insoluble hauv dej. Cellulose muaj ntau nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa ntawm ntsuab nroj tsuag thiab nyob rau hauv algae. Nws muab lub zog thiab rigidity rau cov nroj tsuag. Cov phab ntsa cell no permeable rau tej yam khoom; Yog li ntawd, nws tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv hla mus rau hauv thiab tawm ntawm lub cell. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog cov carbohydrate ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cellulose yog siv los ua cov ntawv thiab lwm yam khoom siv tau zoo. Nws yog siv los tsim bio-fuels.
Cellulase
Tib neeg tsis tuaj yeem zom cov cellulose vim peb tsis muaj cov enzymes tsim nyog rau qhov ntawd. Cellulolysis yog txheej txheem ntawm kev rhuav tshem cellulose. Txij li lawv tau ua los ntawm cov piam thaj molecules, cellulose tuaj yeem tawg mus rau hauv cov piam thaj los ntawm hydrolysis. Ua ntej, lub xeem molecule yog tawg mus rau hauv me me polysaccharides, uas yog hu ua cellodextrins. Thaum kawg, cov no tau tawg mus rau cov piam thaj. Txawm hais tias tib neeg tsis tuaj yeem zom cov cellulose, qee cov tsiaj xws li nyuj, yaj, tshis, thiab nees tuaj yeem zom cov cellulose. Cov tsiaj no hu ua ruminants. Lawv muaj lub peev xwm no vim muaj cov kab mob nyob hauv lawv txoj hnyuv. Cov kab mob symbiotic no muaj cov enzymes los rhuav tshem cellulose los ntawm anaerobic metabolism. Cov enzymes no hu ua cellulases. Ntxiv cellulase enzymes yog tsim los ntawm fungi thiab protozoans, rau catalyze cellulolysis. Tsib hom cellulases muaj nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm enzymes. Endocellulase, exocellulase, cellobiase, oxidative cellulases, thiab cellulose phosphorylases yog tsib hom.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cellulose thiab Cellulase yog dab tsi?
• Cellulose yog carbohydrate (polysaccharide) thiab cellulase yog protein.
• Cellulase yog ib tsev neeg enzyme uas catalyses kev tawg ntawm cellulose.
• Cellulose feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab cellulase enzyme feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cellulose digesting kab mob, fungi thiab protozoa.
