Cellulose vs Glycogen vs Glucose
Glucose, cellulose, thiab glycogen yog categorized li carbohydrates. Carbohydrates yog hom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic molecules hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm chemical zog rau cov kab mob nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Carbohydrate tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb yam xws li monosaccharides, disaccharides thiab polysaccharides. Monosaccharides yog hom carbohydrate yooj yim tshaj plaws. Disaccharide yog kev sib xyaw ntawm ob lub monosaccharides. Thaum kaum lossis ntau dua ntawm cov monosaccharides koom nrog glycosidic bonds, lawv hu ua polysaccharides.
YGlucose
Glucose yog monosaccharide uas muaj rau carbon atoms thiab ib pawg aldehyde. Yog li ntawd, nws yog hexose thiab aldose. Nws muaj plaub pawg hydroxyl thiab muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.
Txawm hais tias nws tau pom tias yog cov qauv linear, cov piam thaj tuaj yeem muaj raws li cov qauv cyclic ib yam nkaus. Qhov tseeb, hauv kev daws, feem ntau ntawm cov molecules yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv cyclic. Thaum ib tug cyclic qauv tsim, lub -OH ntawm carbon 5 yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ether linkage, kaw lub nplhaib nrog carbon 1. Qhov no tsim ib tug rau lub nplhaib qauv. Lub nplhaib tseem hu ua lub nplhaib hemiacetal, vim muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas muaj ether oxygen thiab ib pawg cawv. Vim yog pab pawg dawb aldehyde, qabzib tuaj yeem txo qis. Yog li, nws yog hu ua txo cov suab thaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov piam thaj kuj tseem hu ua dextrose vim, nws tig lub dav hlau polarized lub teeb mus rau sab xis.
Thaum muaj hnub ci, hauv cov nroj tsuag chloroplasts, qabzib yog synthesized siv dej thiab carbon dioxide. Cov piam thaj no khaws cia thiab siv los ua lub zog. Tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg tau txais cov piam thaj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov piam thaj hauv tib neeg cov ntshav yog tswj hwm los ntawm homeostasis mechanism. Insulin thiab glucagon cov tshuaj hormones koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem. Thaum muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav siab, nws hu ua mob ntshav qab zib. Kev ntsuas ntshav qab zib ntsuas ntsuas cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas cov ntshav qabzib.
YGlycogen
Glycogen yog cov piam thaj polymer, uas yog qhov sib piv rau cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, tab sis qhov no yog cov ceg ntau dua thiab nyuaj dua cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Glycogen yog lub hauv paus khaws cia polysaccharide hauv peb lub cev thiab tseem nyob hauv qee yam kab mob. Hauv peb lub cev, nws yog synthesized thiab khaws cia hauv daim siab. Thaum cov piam thaj ntau nyob hauv peb cov ntshav, cov piam thaj molecules hloov mus rau glycogen, thiab cov txheej txheem no txhawb nqa los ntawm glycogen hormone. Thaum cov ntshav qabzib qis dua tus nqi tus qauv, glycogen hloov mus rau cov piam thaj nrog kev pab ntawm insulin. Qhov no glycogen, glucose homeostasis yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv peb lub cev. Yog tias muaj qhov txawv txav hauv kev tswj hwm qib glycogen, ntshav qab zib, hypoglycemia tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Glycogen muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws rau amylopectine. Glycogen polymer muaj α (1 → 4)-glycosidic bonds. Ntawm cov ceg ntoo, 1, 6- glycosdic bonds raug tsim.
Cellulose
Cellulose yog polysaccharide uas yog tsim los ntawm qabzib. Glucose units yog sib koom ua ke los ntawm β (1 → 4) glycosidic bonds. Cellulose tsis ceg, tab sis vim yog hydrogen bonds ntawm molecules nws tuaj yeem tsim cov fibers nruj heev. Cellulose muaj ntau nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa ntawm ntsuab nroj tsuag thiab algae. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yog cov carbohydrate ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cellulose yog siv los ua cov ntawv thiab lwm yam khoom siv tau zoo. Nws yog siv ntxiv los tsim bio fuels.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cellulose thiab Glucose thiab Glycogen yog dab tsi?
• Glucose yog monosaccharide tab sis glycogen thiab cellulose yog polysaccharides. Hauv cellulose β(1 → 4) glycosidic bonds muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov piam thaj thiab hauv glycogen α(1 → 4)-glycosidic bonds tam sim no.
• Cellulose yog ib txoj hlua ncaj nraim polymer thaum glycogen yog ceg. Glucose yog monomer.
• Ntawm peb, qabzib muaj qhov hnyav molecular me me.
• Glycogen yog ib daim ntawv khaws cia thiab cellulose yog cov khoom siv hauv cov hlwb. Glucose yog lub zog tsim tawm hauv cov hlwb.
