Electrophoresis vs Electroosmosis
Kev sib cais lub cev xws li lim, distillation, kem chromatography tsis yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim thaum los ntawm kev sib cais ntawm qee cov molecules. Electrophoresis thiab electro-osmosis yog ob txoj kev sib cais uas tuaj yeem siv los cais cov khoom siv.
YElectrophoresis yog dab tsi?
Electrophoresis yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais cov molecules raws li lawv qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov kev sib cais no yog tus nqi ntawm cov molecule thiab lawv lub peev xwm txav mus rau hauv qhov hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv molecular biology kom cais cov molecules, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog DNA thiab cov proteins. Qhov no feem ntau yog siv vim nws yog qhov yooj yim thiab pheej yig. Cov cuab yeej rau electrophoresis tuaj yeem nyuaj me ntsis, thiab kev npaj yuav siv sijhawm qee lub sijhawm. Tab sis peb tuaj yeem yooj yim ua lub tshuab electrophoresis los ntawm cov khoom uas peb muaj hauv chav kuaj. Cov txheej txheem electrophoresis tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm peb lub hom phiaj. Peb tuaj yeem siv ib qhov me me electrophoresis rau kev sib cais ntawm DNA lossis protein. Ob qhov hluav taws xob electrophoresis yog siv thaum xav tau cov qauv daws teeb meem ntau dua (xws li hauv cov ntawv luam ntiv tes). Ib qho gel yog siv los ua qhov nruab nrab txhawb nqa kom cais cov molecules. Cov gel no tuaj yeem npaj ua cov ntawv tiaj tus lossis hauv cov raj. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog cais cov molecules nyob ntawm lawv qhov kev txav los ntawm gel thaum muab hluav taws xob. Cov nqi tsis zoo xws li DNA nyiam taug kev mus rau tus ncej zoo hauv qhov hluav taws xob no thaum cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo yuav mus rau qhov tsis zoo. Ob hom gels yog siv hauv electrophoresis li agarose thiab polyacrylamide. Ob qho no muaj lub zog daws teeb meem sib txawv. Cov gel ua raws li lub sieve los lim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov molecules. Cov nqi hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa hauv cov gel ua raws li lub zog.
Kev sib cais nyob ntawm kev txav ntawm cov ions.
F=fv=ZeE
V=ZeE/ f
F=quab yuam ua rau ntawm qhov particle
f=frictional coefficient
V=nruab nrab migrating tshaj tawm
Z=tus nqi ntawm cov migrating particle
e=elementary nqi
E=lub zog ntawm hluav taws xob
Cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau electrophoresis yog qhov yooj yim. Thaum ua cov gel thiab khiav cov qauv, ib qho tsis yog siv. Cov cim thiab dyes yog siv rau kev pom lub hom phiaj.
Electro-osmosis yog dab tsi?
Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txav cov kua los ntawm cov khoom siv siv hluav taws xob. Qhov kev txav tuaj yeem yog los ntawm cov khoom ntxeem tau, nrog rau capillary, membrane thiab lwm yam. Qhov no tuaj yeem siv los ua cov txheej txheem sib cais (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog capillary electro-osmosis). Qhov ceev ntawm cov kua yog linearly proportional rau qhov siv hluav taws xob teb. Nws kuj yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv los tsim cov channel thiab cov tshuaj siv. Hauv kev sib txuas, kev daws teeb meem thiab cov khoom siv tau txais cov nqi sib txawv thiab, qhov no yog hu ua hluav taws xob ob txheej. Thaum ib qho hluav taws xob siv rau kev daws teeb meem, hluav taws xob ob txheej txav los ntawm lub zog Coulomb. Qhov no yog hu ua electro-osmotic flow.
Qhov txawv ntawm Electrophoresis thiab Electro-osmosis yog dab tsi?
• Hauv electrophoresis, cov khoom siv (macromolecules zoo li nucleic acids lossis proteins) raug txav los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob. Tab sis nyob rau hauv electro-osmosis cov kua yog txav.
• Hauv electrophoresis, cov khoom txhawb nqa yog gel. Tab sis nws electro-osmosis nws tuaj yeem yog gel, daim nyias nyias, capillary, thiab lwm yam.
