Organic vs Inorganic Molecules
Txhua lub molecules tuaj yeem faib ua ob pawg ua organic thiab inorganic. Muaj ntau qhov chaw kawm tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm ob hom molecules. Lawv cov qauv, tus cwj pwm, thiab cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ib leeg.
YOrganic Molecules
Organic molecules yog cov molecules muaj cov carbons. Organic molecules yog cov molecule ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Cov organic molecules tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom muaj sia muaj xws li carbohydrates, proteins, lipids thiab nucleic acids. Nucleic acids zoo li DNA muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob. Carbon tebchaw zoo li cov proteins ua cov yam ntxwv ntawm peb lub cev, thiab lawv tsim enzymes, uas catalyze tag nrho cov metabolic zog. Organic molecules muab peb lub zog ua haujlwm txhua hnub. Muaj pov thawj los ua pov thawj tias carbonic molecules zoo li methane muaj nyob hauv huab cua txawm ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los. Cov tebchaw no nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog lwm cov tshuaj inorganic yog lub luag haujlwm rau tsim lub neej hauv ntiaj teb. Tsis tsuas yog, peb tau tsim los ntawm cov organic molecules, tab sis kuj muaj ntau hom organic molecules nyob ib ncig ntawm peb, uas peb siv txhua hnub rau ntau lub hom phiaj. Cov khaub ncaws peb hnav yog tsim los ntawm ntuj lossis hluavtaws organic molecules. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv hauv peb lub tsev kuj yog cov organic. Roj av, uas muab lub zog rau tsheb thiab lwm yam tshuab, yog cov organic. Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj peb noj, tshuaj tua kab, thiab tshuaj tua kab yog tsim los ntawm cov organic molecules. Yog li, cov organic molecules yog txuam nrog ze li ntawm txhua yam ntawm peb lub neej. Yog li ntawd, ib qho kev kawm cais raws li cov organic chemistry tau hloov zuj zus mus kawm txog cov tebchaw no. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua thib kaum yim thiab kaum cuaj, cov kev nce qib tseem ceeb tau tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob zoo thiab ntau txoj hauv kev los tshuaj xyuas cov organic tebchaw. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov mis mos thiab cov qauv molecular tau tsim los txheeb xyuas cov molecules nyias. Cov pa roj carbon atom yog tetravalent, yog li nws tuaj yeem tsim tsuas yog plaub daim ntawv cog lus nyob ib puag ncig nws. Thiab cov pa roj carbon atom kuj tuaj yeem siv ib lossis ntau dua ntawm nws cov valences los tsim cov ntawv cog lus rau lwm cov pa roj carbon atom. Cov pa roj carbon atom tuaj yeem tsim ib leeg, ob npaug lossis triple daim ntawv cog lus nrog lwm cov pa roj carbon atom lossis lwm yam atom. Cov pa roj carbon molecules kuj muaj peev xwm muaj nyob ua isomers. Cov peev xwm no tso cai rau cov pa roj carbon atom ua ntau lab ntawm cov molecules nrog cov qauv sib txawv. Cov pa roj carbon molecules yog dav categorized li aliphatic thiab aromatic compounds. Lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov ceg ntoo lossis tsis muaj ceg. Lwm categorization yog raws li hom kev ua haujlwm pab pawg uas lawv muaj. Nyob rau hauv no categorization, organic molecules muab faib rau alkanes, alkenes, alkyne, cawv, ether, amine, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, amide thiab haloalkanes.
Inorganic Molecules
Cov, uas tsis yog cov organic molecules, hu ua inorganic molecules. Muaj ntau ntau yam, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus, nyob rau hauv inorganic molecules. Minerals, dej, feem ntau ntawm cov gases ntau nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yog inorganic molecules. Muaj cov tshuaj inorganic, uas muaj cov pa roj carbon. Cov pa roj carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbonates, cyanides, carbides yog qee qhov piv txwv rau cov hom molecules.
Qhov txawv ntawm Organic Molecules thiab Inorganic Molecules yog dab tsi?
• Organic molecules yog raws li cov carbons, thiab inorganic molecules yog raws li lwm yam khoom.
• Muaj qee cov molecules uas suav tias yog cov molecules inorganic txawm tias lawv muaj cov atoms carbon. (xws li carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, carbonates, cyanides, thiab carbides). Yog li, cov organic molecules tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog cov molecules uas muaj C-H daim ntawv cog lus.
• Organic molecules feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob nyob qhov twg inorganic molecules feem ntau muaj ntau nyob rau hauv cov tsis muaj nyob systems.
• Organic molecules mas muaj covalent bonds whereas, inorganic molecules, there are covalent and ionic bonds.
• Inorganic molecules tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov saw hlau ntev ntev li cov organic molecules ua.
• Inorganic molecules tuaj yeem tsim cov ntsev, tab sis cov organic molecules ua tsis tau.
