Spring Constant vs Stiffness Factor
Caij nplooj ntoos hlav tas li thiab qhov tawv nqaij yog ob qho tseem ceeb heev thaum kawm txog kev elasticity. Cov nuj nqis no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv yuav luag txhua qhov kev suav hauv daim teb no. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog dab tsi lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis tu ncua thiab qhov tawv nqaij yog, lawv cov ntsiab lus, kev siv cov khoom khov thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis tu ncua, qhov zoo sib xws thiab thaum kawg qhov txawv ntawm qhov khov thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tas li.
Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav
Elasticity yog ib yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov teeb meem. Nws yog lub peev xwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rov qab mus rau lawv qhov qub qub tom qab cov rog sab nraud raug tshem tawm. Nws tau pom tias lub zog yuav tsum tau ua kom lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav elastic stretched yog proportional rau lub stretched ntev ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Qhov proportionality qhov tsis tu ncua yog lub npe hu ua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tas li thiab yog siv k. Qhov no muab peb qhov sib npaug F=-kx. Lub cim rho tawm sawv cev rau qhov kev taw qhia rov qab ntawm x mus rau lub zog. Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis tu ncua yog txhais raws li lub zog xav tau rau ncab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav los ntawm chav tsev ntev. Cov units ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tas li yog Newton ib 'meter'. Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis tu ncua yog ib yam khoom ntawm cov khoom. Lub zog muaj peev xwm elastic ntawm lub cev yog qhov ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau ncab cov khoom elastic los ntawm qhov muab ntev x. Txij li thaum lub zog siv F(x)=kx, txoj haujlwm ua tiav yog sib npaug rau kev sib koom ua ke ntawm F(x) ntawm xoom rau x, nrog rau dx; kx2/2. Yog li ntawd, lub zog muaj peev xwm yog kx2/2. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias lub zog muaj peev xwm ntawm txhua yam khoom txuas mus rau qhov kawg ntawm tus pas nrig tsis yog nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tas li thiab qhov ncab ntev.
Txoj Kev Nyuaj Siab (Young's modulus)
Young's modulus yog ib qho khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov teeb meem thiab yog siv los ua tus cwj pwm nruj ntawm cov khoom. Young's modulus yog qhov sib piv ntawm qhov siab ntawm cov khoom (kev ntxhov siab) rau cov khoom siv. Txij li cov kab mob tsis muaj qhov dav, cov units ntawm Young's modulus yog sib npaug rau cov chav nyob ntawm qhov siab, uas yog Newton ib square meter. Rau qee cov ntaub ntawv, Young's modulus yog tas li ntawm qee qhov kev ntxhov siab. Cov ntaub ntawv no ua raws li Hooke txoj cai thiab hais tias yog cov ntaub ntawv linear. Cov ntaub ntawv, uas tsis muaj qhov tsis tu ncua Young's modulus, yog lub npe hu ua cov ntaub ntawv tsis-linear. Nws yuav tsum to taub kom meej tias Young's modulus yog ib yam khoom ntawm cov khoom, tsis yog khoom. Cov khoom sib txawv uas siv tib yam khoom yuav muaj tib lub Young's modulus. Tus Young's modulus muaj npe tom qab tus kws kho mob Thomas Young. Young's modulus kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog lub siab xav tau uas muaj chav nyob ntawm cov khoom siv. Txawm hais tias cov chav nyob ntawm Young's modulus yog Pascal nws tsis tau siv dav. Cov chav loj xws li Mega Pascal lossis Gigapascal yog cov khoom siv tau zoo.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tas li thiab qhov tawv tawv?
• Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav tsis tu ncua yog ib yam khoom ntawm cov khoom. Cov khoom tawv tawv yog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom.
• Ib yam khoom ua los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv yuav muaj lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav sib txawv.
