Dominant vs Recessive
Cov lus tseem ceeb thiab tsis txaus ntseeg tau ntsib hauv kev kawm txog biology, tshwj xeeb yog lub cev zoo hauv kev kawm txog noob caj noob ces. Rau txhua qhov zoo ntawm lub cev, koj tau txais ob daim ntawv theej ntawm cov noob, ib qho los ntawm koj txiv, thiab lwm qhov los ntawm koj niam. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj niam muaj qhov muag xiav, thiab koj txiv muaj qhov muag xim av, koj yuav muaj daim ntawv luam ntawm lub qhov muag xim av ntawm leej txiv thiab qhov muag xiav ntawm koj niam. Tam sim no raws li qhov muag muaj kev txhawj xeeb, qhov muag xim av muaj cov noob tseem ceeb thaum lub qhov muag xiav muaj cov noob caj noob ces. Ib tug tseem ceeb gene yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub peev thaum ib tug recessive gene yog sawv cev nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv me. Yog li koj tuaj yeem muaj BB, Bb, lossis bb versions ntawm cov noob. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm BB, koj tau txais daim ntawv xim av los ntawm ob leej txiv thiab leej niam. Yog li txhua qhov tshwm sim koj yuav muaj qhov muag xim av. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Bb, koj muaj ib tug tseem ceeb thiab lwm yam recessive noob, yog li ntawd koj tseem mus txog li muaj xim av ob lub qhov muag. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tau txais bb ua ke, koj yuav muaj qhov muag xiav vim tias koj tau txais qhov zoo ntawm ob niam txiv.
Ua piv txwv ntawm hom plaub hau. Koj tuaj yeem muaj plaub hau curly lossis ncaj ncaj uas qhia los ntawm cov ntawv C thiab S. Yog tias koj tau txais ob daim ntawv curly version, koj tau txais cov plaub hau curly, thiab yog tias koj tau txais ob daim ntawv ntawm cov plaub hau ncaj, koj yuav muaj cov plaub hau ncaj. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj qhov xwm txheej uas koj tau txais ib daim qauv ntawm txhua cov plaub hau curly thiab ncaj, koj tau txais kev sib xyaw ntawm ob qho uas tsis yog curly los yog ncaj tab sis yog wavy xwb.
Ib tug noob hu ua dominant thaum nws tau pom ntau zaus thiab cov noob recessive yog ib qho uas tsis tshwm sim ntau zaus lossis ploj tag. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov muag xim, xim av yog lub tseem ceeb noob thaum xiav yog recessive noob. Cov noob caj noob ces muaj feem ntau yuav raug xa mus rau cov tiam tom ntej thaum cov noob tsis muaj zog lossis cov noob tsis muaj zog ploj hauv cov txheej txheem, txuas ntxiv mus rau ob peb tiam xwb.
Txoj kev xav ntawm noob caj noob ces (Txoj Cai Kev Cai Segregation) tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Mendel uas tau hais tias txhua lub cev muaj ob lub noob rau txhua qhov zoo. Cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov noob no yog hu ua alleles. Yog tias ob qho tib si alleles zoo ib yam, lub cev hu ua homozygous thiab yog tias txawv, nws raug hu ua heterozygous rau qhov tshwj xeeb. Thaum ob qho alleles txawv, nws yog qhov muaj zog dua uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev, zais lossis npog qhov tsis muaj zog. Cov noob uas tshwm sim yog hu ua dominant, thaum lub npog ntsej muag hu ua recessive. Thaum cov gene tseem ceeb tshwm sim, cov gene recessive tseem nyob ntawd txawm tias npog. Cov noob caj noob ces tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum lub cev tau txais cov ntawv luam tawm los ntawm ob niam txiv (aa).
In luv:
• Dominant thiab recessive yog cov ntsiab lus siv rau cov noob uas muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog raws li
• Dominant genes show up in form of a trait while recessive genes get hidden by dominant genes
• Nws tsuas yog thaum ib tus neeg tau txais cov noob caj ces los ntawm ob niam txiv uas cov noob caj noob ces tshwm sim.
