Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kappa thiab lambda lub teeb chains yog tias cov noob encoding lub kappa saw nyob rau ntawm chromosome 2, thaum lub noob encoding lub lambda saw yog nyob rau ntawm chromosome 22.
Immunoglobulins yog tsim los ntawm cov saw teeb thiab cov saw hnyav. Muaj ob hom teeb pom kev zoo hauv tib neeg. Lawv yog kappa thiab lambda lub teeb chains. Lawv nyob ntawm cov chromosomes sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv. Thaum lub sij hawm myeloma mob, immunoglobulins loj hlob sai thiab tsim cov saw hlau ntau dua li cov saw hnyav. Lub teeb sawb dawb ntsuas ntsuas qhov nce hauv cov saw teeb. Cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab hom myeloma los ntawm sub-hom ntawm lub teeb chains: kappa lub teeb saw thiab lambda lub teeb saw. Yog hais tias kappa lub teeb saw yog nyob rau hauv ntau, tus neeg mob muaj kappa myeloma. Yog hais tias lub teeb sawb lambda muaj ntau dua, tus neeg mob muaj lambda myeloma.
Kappa Lub Teeb Chains yog dab tsi?
Kappa lub teeb saw yog ib hom kab hluav taws xob sib txuas thiab yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha. Hauv ib tus neeg noj qab haus huv, plasma hlwb zais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis immunoglobulins los tawm tsam cov kab mob. Cov immunoglobulins ib txwm yog cov proteins polyclonal uas pab tiv thaiv cov kab mob txawv teb chaws zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm myeloma, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob no loj hlob txawv txav los tsim cov saw hlau ntau dua li cov chains hnyav, ua rau kev txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv monoclonal. Cov kws kho mob ua cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas lub teeb ci dawb kom pom qhov nce hauv cov saw teeb. Yog tias kappa lub teeb chains muaj ntau tus lej, lawv txiav cov hom myeloma li kappa myeloma.
Daim duab 01: Antibody Structure
Kappa lub teeb chains muaj ntau hom. Lawv yog IgG kappa, IgA kappa, IgD kappa, IgE kappa, thiab Igm kappa. Kappa gene segments encode ntawm chromosome 2, suav nrog 52 V noob thiab 5 J noob. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas dawb lub teeb pom kev pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kappa dawb lub teeb chains tam sim no hauv cov ntshav. Qhov ib txwm muaj ntawm cov kappa-dawb lub teeb chains hauv cov ntshav yog 3.3 txog 19.4 milligrams ib liter (mg / L). Yog tias qhov ntsuas tau tawm ntawm qhov ntau, tus neeg yuav muaj cov kab mob ntshav plasma uas tshwm sim rau hauv kappa myeloma. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nce siab ntawm cov teeb pom kev hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem yog vim muaj kab mob raum, mob ntev, lossis kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Lambda Lub Teeb Chains yog dab tsi?
Lambda lub teeb saw yog ib hom kab hluav taws xob uas yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov pob txha pob txha. Thaum lub sij hawm myeloma, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no loj hlob txawv txav los tsim cov hlua teeb ntau dua li cov saw hnyav, ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv monoclonal.
Daim duab 02: Lambda Lub Teeb Chain Protein
Lambda lub teeb chains muaj ntau hom. Lawv yog IgG lambda, IgA lambda, IgD lambda, IgE lambda thiab Igm lambda. Lambda gene segments encode ntawm chromosome 22, suav nrog 30 V noob thiab 7 J noob. Kev ntsuam xyuas dawb lub teeb pom kev pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov saw teeb tsa ntau dua li ib txwm muaj thiab sib txawv ntawm cov sub-hom teeb sawb (kappa thiab lambda). Yog hais tias lub teeb chains lambda muaj ntau dua, cov kws kho mob txiav txim siab hom myeloma li lambda myeloma. Qhov ib txwm muaj ntawm cov lambda dawb lub teeb chains hauv cov ntshav yog 5.71 txog 26.3 milligrams ib liter (mg / L).
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Kappa thiab Lambda Lub Teeb Chains?
- Kappa thiab lambda lub teeb saw yog hom immunoglobulins.
- Kappa thiab lambda yog sub-hom ntawm lub teeb sawb.
- Thaum lawv muaj cov neeg coob coob, lawv nce mus rau myeloma.
- Kev tshuaj xyuas lub teeb dawb pub dawb kuaj pom qhov ntau ntawm kappa thiab lambda lub teeb chains hauv ntshav.
Qhov txawv ntawm Kappa thiab Lambda Lub Teeb Chains yog dab tsi?
Cov noob encoding lub kappa saw yog nyob rau ntawm chromosome 2, thaum lub noob encoding lub lambda saw yog nyob rau ntawm chromosome 22. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kappa thiab lambda lub teeb chains. Qhov nce hauv kappa lub teeb chains qhia kappa myeloma, thaum qhov nce hauv lambda lub teeb chains qhia tias lambda myeloma. Ntxiv mus, kappa chains muaj tib lub qauv canonical, thaum lambda sab chains muaj ntau ntau ntawm cov qauv canonical.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kappa thiab lambda lub teeb chains hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Kappa vs Lambda Light Chains
Immunoglobulins yog tsim los ntawm lub teeb thiab hnyav chains. Ob hom teeb pom kev zoo hauv tib neeg yog kappa thiab lambda. Cov noob encoding lub kappa saw yog nyob rau ntawm chromosome 2, thaum lub noob encoding lub lambda saw yog nyob rau ntawm chromosome 22. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm kappa thiab lambda lub teeb chains. Ntau myeloma yog ib hom kab mob qog ntshav dawb uas cuam tshuam nrog cov ntshav plasma. Cov kws kho mob xaus rau hom myeloma los ntawm cov sub-hom teeb sawb, kappa teeb saw, thiab lambda lub teeb saw. Yog li lawv tuaj yeem tsim los rau kappa myeloma lossis lambda myeloma.
