Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm CLL thiab ntau yam myeloma yog CLL (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia) yog cov qog nqaij hlav hauv ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv ib hom lymphocyte hu ua B hlwb hauv cov pob txha pob txha, thaum ntau yam myeloma yog ntshav qog noj ntshav uas tshwm sim. hauv cov ntshav plasma, uas yog cov qe ntshav dawb uas tshwm sim los ntawm B cells los teb rau tus kab mob.
Feem ntau cov qog ntshav ntshav yog cov qog nqaij hlav hematologic uas pib hauv cov pob txha. Cov pob txha pob txha yog qhov chaw uas cov qe ntshav tawm los. Ntshav qog noj ntshav yog vim muaj cov qe ntshav loj zuj zus uas cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qe ntshav ib txwm, tawm tsam cov kab mob thiab tsim cov qe ntshav tshiab. Hom mob qog noj ntshav tseem ceeb yog leukemia (CLL), Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, thiab ntau yam myeloma.
CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) yog dab tsi?
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas tsim hauv B hlwb pom nyob rau hauv cov pob txha pob txha. Nws yog hom kab mob leukemia tshaj plaws nyob rau sab hnub poob. Lub koom haum American Cancer Society (ACS) tau kwv yees tias muaj kwv yees li 21250 tus neeg mob CLL nyob rau xyoo 2021. CLL nyhav zuj zus tuaj. Feem ntau, lymphocytic leukemias yog leukemias uas tsim nyob rau hauv ib hom ntshav dawb hu ua lymphocytes. CLL tsim nyob rau hauv ib hom lymphocyte hauv cov pob txha hu ua B hlwb. Kev noj qab haus huv B hlwb pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum leukemic B hlwb tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kab mob tib yam.
Daim duab 01: CLL
Qhov laj thawj ntawm CLL tsis paub. Tab sis cov teeb meem muaj xws li tsev neeg keeb kwm, hnub nyoog (qhov nruab nrab hnub nyoog ntawm CLL yog 70), poj niam txiv neej yug los (txiv neej muaj CLL ntau dua), haiv neeg (nrog rau cov neeg nyob hauv North America, Europe thiab tsawg dua rau cov neeg nyob hauv Asia), Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas Txiv kab ntxwv raug (Agent Orange yog cov tshuaj siv nyob rau hauv Nyab Laj ua tsov ua rog uas txuas nrog ntau dua ntawm CLL), thiab monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis (monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis nce qib lymphocytes uas tuaj yeem hloov mus rau CLL).
Cov tsos mob ntawm CLL suav nrog kev kis kab mob ntau zaus, ntshav tsis txaus, los ntshav, nqaij tawv yooj yim dua, qhov kub thiab txias, hmo ntuj tawm hws, qog o hauv caj dab, caj dab, lossis puab tais, o thiab tsis xis nyob hauv plab, thiab tsis txhob xav poob.. Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm tsev neeg keeb kwm, kuaj lub cev los kuaj cov qog o, kuaj ntshav, kuaj pob txha pob txha, qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav, kuaj duab (X-ray, ultrasound, CT scan), thiab kuaj caj ces. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kho mob rau CLL suav nrog cov tshuaj khomob (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, retuximab), xov tooj cua, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, kev hloov ntshav, immunoglobulin hloov kho, txhaj tshuaj granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), thiab qia cell lossis pob txha pob txha.
Ntau Myeloma yog dab tsi?
Multiple myeloma yog ntshav qog noj ntshav uas tsim hauv cov ntshav plasma, uas yog cov qe ntshav dawb uas tshwm sim los ntawm B cells los teb rau kev kis kab mob. Plasma cells ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob vim lawv muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Hauv cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam myeloma, cov ntshav plasma txawv txav rov ua dua thiab txawv txav tawm ntawm cov qe ntshav zoo. Qhov laj thawj tiag tsis paub. Cov kev pheej hmoo muaj xws li hnub nyoog (tsim cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 45 xyoos), kev sib deev thaum yug los (cov txiv neej muaj peev xwm tsim tau tus mob no), haiv neeg thiab haiv neeg (cov neeg dub raug kev txom nyem ntau dua), hluav taws xob (x-ray), qhov hnyav (cov neeg rog rog muaj kev pheej hmoo siab dua), thiab tsev neeg keeb kwm.
Daim duab 02: Ntau Yam Myeloma
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no yuav muaj xws li mob pob txha, xeev siab, cem quav, tsis qab los noj mov, kev puas siab puas ntsws, qaug zog, nquag kis kab mob, poob phaus, tsis muaj zog lossis loog ntawm ob txhais ceg, thiab nqhis dej ntau dhau. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam myeloma tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav, kuaj zis, kuaj cov pob txha, kuaj cov duab (X-ray, MRI, CT scan, lossis PET scan), thiab kuaj caj ces. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev kho mob yuav suav nrog kev kho mob, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob (cyclophosphamide, etoposide, doxorubicin, liposomal doxorubicin, melphalan, bendamustine), corticosteroids, hloov cov pob txha pob txha, thiab kev kho hluav taws xob (cov kab hluav taws xob siab xws li X-rays).
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm CLL thiab Ntau Tus Myeloma?
- CLL thiab ntau yam myeloma yog ob hom mob qog noj ntshav loj.
- Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si mob qog noj ntshav, cov xwm txheej zoo li yuav khiav hauv tsev neeg, thiab cov txiv neej feem ntau yuav kis tau lawv dua li poj niam.
- Ob leeg mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus.
- Lawv tuaj yeem pom cov tsos mob zoo sib xws xws li kub taub hau, qaug zog, nquag kis kab mob, poob phaus tsis tau piav qhia, tsis qab los noj mov, pob txha poob, o cov qog nqaij hlav, thiab nqaij tawv nqaij txawv txav lossis los ntshav.
- Lawv tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm kev siv tshuaj khomob, kho hluav taws xob, thiab hloov cov qia cell.
Qhov txawv ntawm CLL thiab Ntau Yam Myeloma yog dab tsi?
CLL yog ntshav qog noj ntshav uas tsim muaj qee hom lymphocyte hu ua B hlwb hauv cov pob txha pob txha, thaum ntau yam myeloma yog ntshav qog nqaij hlav uas tsim hauv cov ntshav plasma, uas yog cov qe ntshav dawb uas tshwm sim los ntawm B hlwb hauv teb rau tus kab mob. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm CLL thiab ntau yam myeloma. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim CLL yog 6 npaug ntau dua yog tias tus neeg mob muaj niam txiv nrog CLL. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim ntau yam myeloma yog 2 npaug ntau dua yog tias tus neeg mob muaj niam txiv muaj ntau yam myeloma.
Cov ntawv qhia hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm CLL thiab ntau yam myeloma hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – CLL vs Multiple Myeloma
CLL thiab ntau yam myeloma yog ob hom mob qog noj ntshav loj. CLL tsim nyob rau hauv ib hom lymphocyte hu ua B hlwb nyob rau hauv cov pob txha pob txha, thaum muaj ntau yam myeloma tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntshav plasma hlwb uas yog cov qe ntshav dawb uas yog los ntawm B hlwb teb rau kev kis kab mob. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm CLL thiab ntau yam myeloma.
