Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua thiab cov kua yog cov kua siv lead ua kua muaj cov khoom siv ntawm cov kua dej thiab cov khoom siv lead ua, thiab cov khoom khib nyiab tau nruj atoms lossis cov molecules, hos cov kua muaj xoob khi atoms lossis molecules.
Muaj peb theem loj ntawm cov teeb meem xws li theem khoom, theem ua kua, thiab theem roj. Cov kua ua kua yog ib pawg ntawm cov kua thiab cov khib nyiab.
Crystal yog dab tsi?
Cov kua siv lead ua kua yog lub xeev ntawm cov teeb meem muaj cov khoom ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov kua dej thiab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua. Nws yog abbreviated li LC. Piv txwv li, cov kua yuav ntws zoo li cov kua, tab sis cov kua molecules yog taw qhia zoo ib yam li cov siv lead ua. Peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam ntau hom kua-crystal theem, thiab cov no tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv siv lawv cov khoom kho qhov muag, xws li. kev ntxhib los mos. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, lub domains qhov twg cov kua siv lead ua molecules yog oriented nyob rau hauv txawv cov lus qhia. Peb tuaj yeem pom tias cov molecules nyob rau hauv ib lub npe tau raug txiav txim zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv siv lead ua kua tsis tas yuav tshwm sim hauv cov kua-crystal ntawm teeb meem.
Peb tuaj yeem faib cov kua dej ua kua rau hauv peb theem loj: thermotropic, lyotropic, thiab metallotropic theem. Thermotropic thiab lyotropic crystals feem ntau muaj cov organic molecules. Tab sis muaj ob peb minerals thiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, thermotropic kua crystals qhia ib theem hloov mus rau hauv cov kua siv lead ua theem thaum kub hloov. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lyotropic kua crystals qhia cov theem hloov pauv raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm ob qho tib si kub thiab concentration ntawm cov molecules hauv cov kua siv lead ua kua hauv cov kuab tshuaj xws li dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, metallotropic kua crystals muaj ob qho tib si organic thiab inorganic molecules, thiab cov kua-crystal hloov yuav nyob ntawm ob qho tib si kub-concentration zog thiab inorganic-organic muaj pes tsawg leeg ratio.
Dab tsi yog qhov khoom?
Solid yog ib qho ntawm plaub lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm qhov teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv cov khoom, cov molecules yog zoo packed ua ke. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khib nyiab muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm lub zog kinetic. Peb tuaj yeem ua tus yam ntxwv los ntawm cov qauv nruj thiab ua haujlwm rau lub zog uas siv rau saum npoo.
Cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov kua dej vim tias cov khoom tsis pom cov khoom ntws thiab tsis ua kom lub thawv zoo li cov kua ua. Qhov no yog vim hais tias atoms los yog molecules nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv yog feem ntau khi rau ib leeg nruj nreem. Qhov kev npaj nruj no tuaj yeem ua tsis tu ncua lossis tsis xwm yeem.
Ua Kua Dej yog dab tsi?
Cov kua dej yog ze li ntawm cov kua dej uas muaj peev xwm ntws. Cov kua tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, nws yuav siv lub thawv uas nws nyob hauv, tab sis cov kua tuav lub ntim tas li, thiab lub ntim yog ywj siab ntawm lub siab.
Ib lub kua muaj me me (vibrating hais) ntawm cov teeb meem, xws li atoms. Cov khoom no tau tuav ua ke los ntawm cov ntawv cog lus intermolecular. Feem ntau cov kua tiv thaiv compression, tab sis qee cov kua tuaj yeem compressed. Distinctively, ib tug kua muaj cov cuab yeej ntawm nto nro. Cov kua dej ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog dej.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cov Kua Crystal Khoom thiab Cov Kua Dej yog dab tsi?
Muaj ntau theem ntawm cov teeb meem, xws li khoom, kua, thiab roj. Cov kua siv lead ua kua yog ib qho ua ke ntawm cov kua thiab cov khoom khib nyiab. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua thiab cov kua dej yog cov kua siv lead ua kua muaj cov khoom ntawm cov kua dej ib txwm siv, thiab cov khoom siv lead ua thiab cov khoom muaj zog muaj cov atoms los yog cov molecules nruj nreem, hos cov kua muaj xoob khi atoms lossis molecules.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua thiab cov kua hauv daim ntawv qhia rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Liquid Crystal vs Solid vs Liquid
Cov kua siv lead ua kua yog lub xeev ntawm cov teeb meem muaj cov khoom ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov kua dej thiab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua. Khoom yog ib qho ntawm plaub lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov teeb meem uas cov molecules nyob ze rau ntawm ib sab. Cov kua dej yog ze li ntawm cov kua dej tsis txaus uas muaj peev xwm ntws. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua siv lead ua kua thiab cov kua dej yog cov kua siv lead ua kua muaj cov khoom ntawm cov kua dej ib txwm siv, thiab cov khoom siv lead ua thiab cov khoom muaj zog muaj cov atoms los yog cov molecules nruj nreem, hos cov kua muaj xoob khi atoms lossis molecules.
