Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog tias ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov kab mob tsim tawm tsam tsawg kawg ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lossis ntau pawg tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum hla kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov kab mob txhim kho kev tiv thaiv. rau ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws.
Antimicrobial tsis kam txhim kho thaum microbes hloov kho cov txheej txheem uas tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Tam sim no, nws tshwj xeeb siv rau cov kab mob uas tiv taus cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kis kab mob vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau ntau lab tus neeg tuag hauv ib xyoos thoob ntiaj teb. Txhua chav kawm ntawm microbes tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tiv thaiv, suav nrog cov kab mob, fungi, kab mob, thiab protozoa. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog kev siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis raug. Muaj ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Multidrug resistance thiab cross resistance yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Dab tsi yog Multidrug Resistance?
Multiple drug resistance (MDR) yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov kab mob ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv tsawg kawg yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lossis ntau pawg tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Antimicrobial pawg yog ib qho kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob raws li hom kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lawv qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov kab mob. Ntau hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv suav nrog MDR cov kab mob tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob, MDR cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob, MDR fungi tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab lwm yam kab mob xws li MDR protozoa, tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Daim duab 01: Kev Tiv Thaiv Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv ntau yam
Cov kab mob ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog vancomycin-resistant Enterococci, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, ncua-spectrum β lactamase ua cov kab mob gram-negative, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-ua gram negatives, multidrug-resistant rodobacter-negative hom), thiab multidrug resistant tuberculosis. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov kab mob feem ntau yog vim muaj ntau lub tswv yim: tsis tso siab rau glycoprotein cell phab ntsa, enzymatic deactivation ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, txo cell phab ntsa permeability rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, hloov lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, efflux txoj kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab nce kev hloov pauv raws li. kev ntxhov siab. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov kab mob poov xab uas ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv azoles. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob xws li mob khaub thuas, cytomegalovirus, thiab kab mob herpes simplex yog cov piv txwv zoo ntawm cov kab mob MDR. Kab mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem tiv taus amantadines & oseltamivir, thiab cytomegalovirus tuaj yeem tiv taus ganciclovir & foscarnet, thaum tus kab mob herpes simplex tuaj yeem tiv taus cov tshuaj acyclovir. Qhov piv txwv tseem ceeb rau MDR protozoa yog Plasmodium vivax uas ua rau mob malaria. Nws tau dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li chloroquine thiab sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine ob peb xyoos dhau los.
Cross Resistance yog dab tsi?
Cross resistance yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov kab mob txhim kho kev tiv thaiv rau ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws. Piv txwv li, yog tias tus kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob, nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tsim kev tiv thaiv rau lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsom rau tib cov protein hauv cov kab mob los yog siv tib txoj hauv kev kom nkag mus rau cov kab mob. Ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb yog thaum cov kab mob tsim tawm tsam ciprofloxacin; Lawv kuj txhim kho kev tiv thaiv rau nalidixic acid vim tias ob qho tshuaj ua haujlwm los ntawm inhibiting tus kab mob DNA replication enzyme topoisomerase.
Daim duab 02: Hla Resistance
Cross kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm cov qauv zoo sib xws thiab sib txawv. Ib qho piv txwv yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov kab mob. Kev cuam tshuam rau qee yam tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nthuav tawm ntau ntxiv ntawm cov twj tso kua mis efflux uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab. Lwm qhov piv txwv yog hla kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov hlau. Hauv cov kab mob Listeria monocytogenes, multidrug efflux transporter tuaj yeem xa tawm ob qho tib si hlau xws li Zn thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tawm ntawm lub cell.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Multidrug Resistance thiab Cross Resistance?
- Multidrug resistance thiab cross resistance yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Ob qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov kab mob xws li kab mob, fungi, kab mob, thiab protozoa.
- Cov phenomena no feem ntau tshwm sim vim tsis tsim nyog raug tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Ob qhov xwm txheej tuaj yeem ua rau ntau lab tus neeg tuag hauv ib xyoos thoob ntiaj teb.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Multidrug Resistance thiab Cross Resistance?
Ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho tshwm sim uas cov kab mob txhim kho kev tiv thaiv tsawg kawg yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob hauv peb lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum hla kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov kab mob tsim tawm tsam rau ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas muaj cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws. kev ua. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm multidrug resistance thiab cross resistance. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau dua yog qhov ua rau tuag taus ntau dua piv rau kev tiv thaiv hla.
Cov hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau yam thiab kev tiv thaiv hla hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Multidrug Resistance vs Cross Resistance
Multidrug resistance thiab cross resistance yog ob hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho tshwm sim uas tus kab mob tsim tawm tsam tsawg kawg ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv peb lossis ntau dua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, thaum hla kev tiv thaiv yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov kab mob tsim tawm tsam ntau yam tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kev tiv thaiv hla.
