Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw hlau qhib thiab kaw cov saw hlau hydrocarbons yog qhov qhib cov saw hlau hydrocarbons tsis yog cov qauv tsim, hos cov saw kaw kaw hydrocarbons yog cov qauv cyclic.
Hydrocarbon tebchaw yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws hydrocarbon compound yuav tsum muaj cov pa roj carbon atom thiab ib lossis ntau dua hydrogen atoms. Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem pom carbon-carbon bonds hauv hydrocarbon compounds.
Open Chain Hydrocarbons yog dab tsi?
Qhib saw hydrocarbons yog cov organic tebchaw ua los ntawm carbon thiab hydrogen atoms, thiab cov tebchaw no yog acyclic (tsis yog cyclic compounds). Qhib saw hydrocarbons feem ntau yog cov qauv linear. Muaj peev xwm qhib saw hydrocarbons uas muaj cov saw hlau sab. Yog tias tsis muaj cov saw hlau txuas nrog rau hom hydrocarbon no, peb hu nws ncaj nraim-chain hydrocarbon. Feem ntau, qhib saw hydrocarbons yog cov qauv aliphatic.
Daim duab 01: Ob lub Cheeb Tsam nyob rau sab saum toj yog qhib cov saw hlau Hydrocarbon thaum lwm tus yog lawv daim ntawv Cyclic
Feem ntau, cov molecules yooj yim hauv cov organic chemistry xws li alkanes thiab alkenes muaj ob qho tib si linear thiab nplhaib isomers. Qhov no txhais tau tias muaj ob qho tib si cyclic thiab acyclic compounds. Feem ntau, cyclic tebchaw muaj nyob rau hauv uas muaj ntxhiab hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons uas muaj ntau tshaj plaub carbon atoms ib molecule tej zaum yuav los yog yuav tsis muaj sab chains. Yog li ntawd, cov hydrocarbons yooj yim no yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ncaj-chain los yog branched-chain daim ntawv. Ntxiv mus, thaum naming lub qhib saw hydrocarbons, peb siv lub prefix n- los piav txog cov ncaj-chain isomer. Peb tuaj yeem siv cov lus ua ntej i- rau lub npe iso-daim ntawv ntawm lub compound, uas yog cov ceg ntoo ntawm cov saw hlau qhib hydrocarbon.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis yog tag nrho cov saw hlau qhib hydrocarbon tebchaw ncaj nraim. Qhov no yog vim tias lawv cov ces kaum tsis yog ib txwm 180 degrees. Tab sis lub npe qhib saw los yog cov saw ncaj qhia tau hais tias lub compound yog schematically ncaj. Muaj peev xwm ua tau wavy lossis puckered qauv ntawm qhib saw hydrocarbons.
Caw Chain Hydrocarbons yog dab tsi?
Kaw saw hydrocarbons lossis cyclic hydrocarbons yog cov qauv nplhaib ua los ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms. Hauv cov molecules no, cov pa roj carbon atoms txuas nrog sib koom ua ke los tsim cov qauv cyclic. Ntxiv mus, kaw cov saw hydrocarbons tuaj yeem ua cov tshuaj tsw qab lossis tsis muaj ntxhiab.
Daim duab 02: Ib Cycloalkane
Peb tuaj yeem sawv cev cov qauv qauv ntawm cov saw hlau kaw hydrocarbons hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Peb tuaj yeem sawv cev rau lawv nrog lossis tsis qhia cov ces kaum. Qhov yooj yim kaw saw hydrocarbons yog cycloalkanes. Cycloalkanes muaj tag nrho cov carbon-carbon bonds ua ib daim ntawv cog lus. Lawv yog cov saturated compounds thiab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cycloalkenes kaw cov saw hydrocarbons nrog tsawg kawg yog ib daim ntawv cog lus C=C. Ib yam li ntawd, cycloalkynes kaw cov saw hydrocarbons nrog tsawg kawg yog ib qho carbon rau carbon triple daim ntawv cog lus.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Open Chain thiab Closed Chain Hydrocarbons?
Qhib saw thiab kaw cov saw hlau hydrocarbon yog ob hom loj ntawm hydrocarbons. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw hlau qhib thiab kaw cov saw hlau hydrocarbons yog tias cov saw hlau qhib hydrocarbons tsis yog cov qauv sib txuas, hos cov saw hlau kaw hydrocarbons yog cov qauv cyclic. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhib cov saw hydrocarbons, muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov saw hlau tseem ceeb, thaum nyob rau hauv cov saw hlau kaw hydrocarbons, tsis muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm hauv lub ntsiab carbon. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov saw hlau qhib thiab kaw cov saw hydrocarbons yog tias cov saw hlau qhib hydrocarbons tsis muaj ntxhiab, tab sis cov saw kaw hydrocarbons tuaj yeem yog, muaj ntxhiab lossis tsis muaj ntxhiab.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov saw qhib thiab kaw cov saw hydrocarbons.
Summary – Qhib Chain vs Closed Chain Hydrocarbons
Ib lub hydrocarbon compound tseem ceeb muaj ib lossis ntau dua carbon atoms thiab hydrogen atoms. Feem ntau, paub zoo hydrocarbon tebchaw muaj carbon-carbon covalent bonds. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw hlau kaw thiab kaw cov saw hlau hydrocarbons yog qhov qhib saw hydrocarbons tsis yog cov qauv voj voog, hos cov saw hlau kaw hydrocarbons yog cov qauv sib txuas.
