Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cytokines thiab opsonins yog tias cytokines yog cov proteins me me uas koom nrog hauv xov tooj ntawm tes, thaum opsonins yog cov protein ntau ntxiv uas khi rau cov hlwb thiab ua rau phagocytosis.
Cytokines thiab opsonins yog ob hom proteins uas koom nrog kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes. Feem ntau, cov hlwb sib txuas lus nrog ib leeg los ntawm kev siv cov cim qhia tshuaj. Cov cim qhia tshuaj no feem ntau yog cov proteins lossis lwm yam molecules. Cov lus xa cov hlwb tsim cov proteins thiab lwm cov molecules thiab feem ntau zais lawv mus rau hauv qhov chaw extracellular. Lawv tuaj yeem ntab hauv qhov chaw extracellular thiab nqa cov lus los ntawm cov lus xa xov mus rau lub hom phiaj. Raws li cov lus no, cov hlwb nyob sib ze tsim cov lus teb.
Cytokines yog dab tsi?
Cytokines yog ib qho dav thiab xoob ntawm cov proteins me me uas koom nrog hauv xov tooj ntawm tes. Lawv muaj qhov hnyav molecular ntawm 5 txog 20 kDa. Cytokines yog peptides. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem hla cov lipid bilayer ntawm cov hlwb thiab nkag mus rau hauv cytoplasm. Raws li immunomodulating cov neeg ua haujlwm, cytokines koom nrog hauv autocrine, paracrine, thiab endocrine signaling. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txawv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones lossis kev loj hlob. Cytokines ib txwm muaj xws li chemokines, interferons, lymphokines, thiab qog necrosis yam. Cytokines yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub hlwb, suav nrog macrophages, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, mast cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, thiab stromal cells. Ntxiv mus, cytokines tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau tshaj ib hom ntawm tes.
Daim duab 01: Cytokines
Cytokines ua los ntawm kev khi rau ntawm tes ntawm tes receptors. Lawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, cytokines tswj qhov sib npaug ntawm kev humoral thiab cell-based tiv thaiv kab mob. Cytokines tseem ua rau kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib tus neeg ntawm tes hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cytokines tuaj yeem txhim kho lossis cuam tshuam lwm yam cytokines hauv txoj hauv kev metabolic. Cytokines kuj tseem ceeb heev hauv cov lus teb ntawm tus tswv tsev hauv cov kab mob. Lawv tuaj yeem dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo hauv cov kab mob xws li mob, raug mob, sepsis, thiab haemorrhagic stroke, thiab lwm yam. Cov cytokines tau siv ntau xyoo hauv cov tshuaj ua tshuaj.
Opsonins yog dab tsi?
Opsonins yog cov protein ntau ntxiv uas khi rau cov hlwb thiab ua rau phagocytosis. Cov proteins no ua cov cim npe rau cov khoom xws li cov kab mob hauv lub cev uas yuav tsum tau phagocytosed. Yog li, phagocytic hlwb tau yooj yim noj cov kab mob txawv teb chaws no thiab tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm kev kis kab mob. Opsonins feem ntau tag cov hom phiaj sib txawv, suav nrog cov kab mob, cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, cov hlwb laus, cov hlwb tuag lossis tuag, cov synapses ntau dhau, lossis cov protein sib xyaw. Yog li, opsonins pab tshem tawm cov kab mob thiab cov hlwb tuag, kab mob lossis tuag.
Daim duab 02: Antibody Opsonization
Opsonin tau tshawb pom thawj zaug los ntawm Wright thiab Douglas hauv xyoo 1904. Wright thiab Douglas pom tias incubating kab mob nrog cov ntshav plasma enabled phagocytic hlwb rau phagocytose cov kab mob. Kev tshawb fawb dav pom pom ob lub ntsiab ntawm opsonins hauv cov ntshav: ntxiv cov proteins thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 50 cov protein sib txawv uas tuaj yeem ua raws li opsonins rau cov kab mob sib txawv thiab lwm lub hom phiaj.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Cytokines thiab Opsonins?
- Cytokines thiab opsonins yog cov proteins uas koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes.
- Ob leeg yog cov proteins uas muaj cellular.
- Lawv khi rau ntawm tes saum npoo receptors.
- Lawv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Lawv pab tshem cov kab mob hauv lub cev thiab tiv thaiv lub cev tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Cytokines thiab Opsonins yog dab tsi?
Cytokines yog cov protein me me uas koom nrog hauv xov tooj ntawm tes, thaum opsonins yog cov proteins loj ntxiv uas khi rau cov hlwb thiab ua rau phagocytosis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cytokines thiab opsonins. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov loj ntawm cytokine yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 5-20 kDa, thaum qhov loj ntawm opsonin yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 150-400 kDa. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm cytokines thiab opsonins.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm cytokines thiab opsonins hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Cytokines vs Opsonins
Cytokines thiab opsonins yog ob qho proteins uas tseem ceeb heev rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas lus ntawm tes. Cytokines yog cov proteins me me uas koom nrog hauv kev taw qhia ntawm tes, thaum opsonins yog cov proteins loj ntxiv uas khi rau cov hlwb thiab ua rau phagocytosis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cytokines thiab opsonins.
