Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm betaine thiab ylide yog tias cov atoms uas muaj hluav taws xob tsis yog ib txwm nyob ib sab ntawm betaine, whereas cov atoms them ib txwm nyob ib sab ntawm ylides.
Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si betaine thiab ylides yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lawv tsis zoo ib yam. Hauv lwm lo lus, ylides tsis yog betaines thiab betaines tsis ylides.
Betaine yog dab tsi?
Betaine tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog hloov pauv amino acid compound uas muaj glycine nrog peb pawg methyl. Feem ntau, cov pab pawg methyl no tuaj yeem ua cov methyl pub dawb hauv ntau cov txheej txheem metabolic thiab tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho cov caj ces tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim ntawm homocystinuria. Peb tuaj yeem sau luv betaine li BET. Nws yog ib qho amino acid uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tawm tsam cov kab mob hauv lub plawv, txhim kho lub cev muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab pab txhawb cov leeg nce thiab rog.
Daim duab 01: Tus qauv ntawm Betaine
Betaine tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau tias yog cov tshuaj nruab nrab nruab nrab uas muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm zoo cationic (piv txwv li quaternary ammonium cation, phosphonium cation, thiab lwm yam) uas tsis dais hydrogen atom thiab tseem muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tsis zoo (e., g, carboxylate pawg) uas feem ntau tsis nyob ib sab ntawm cation. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas betaine ua ib hom zwitterion.
Feem ntau, hauv cov kab ke lom neeg, muaj cov betaines tshwm sim uas ua rau cov organic osmolytes. Cov tebchaw no yog synthesized hauv cov kab mob los yog coj los ntawm ib puag ncig los ntawm cov hlwb. Kev noj ntawm cov tebchaw yog pab tau rau kev tiv thaiv osmotic kev nyuaj siab, drought, siab salinity, los yog kub.
Muaj ntau qhov kev siv betaine: kev lag luam siv los ua cov intermediates hauv Wittig cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (phosphonium betaine) ua cov khoom hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerase, ua ntxiv rau kev tsim lub cev, thiab lwm yam.
Ylide yog dab tsi?
Ylide tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog qhov nruab nrab dipolar molecule uas muaj cov atom raug nqi tsis zoo uas txuas ncaj qha rau heteroatom uas muaj cov nqi zoo. Hom kev sib xyaw no muaj ob lub atoms nrog tag nrho octet ntawm electrons. Cov qauv tsis zoo them nyiaj anion hauv ylide feem ntau yog carbanion. Lub heteroatom nrog cov nqi zoo yog feem ntau nitrogen, phosphorous lossis sulfur.
Daim duab 02: Resonance Structures ntawm Phosphorous Ylide Compound
Cov qauv ntawm ylide tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li cov qauv tshuaj nyob rau hauv uas ob lub atoms uas nyob ib sab txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm ob qho tib si covalent thiab ib daim ntawv cog lus ionic. Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem sau cov tshuaj formula li X + _Y-. Yog li, cov no yog 1, 2-dipolar compounds. Nws kuj yog ib qho subclass ntawm zwitterions uas tshwm sim hauv cov organic chemistry li reagents thiab reactive intermediates.
Hom ylides suav nrog ylides raws li phosphorous, sulfur, oxygen, thiab nitrogen. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj halonium ylides thiab. Cov tebchaw no tuaj yeem raug tshuaj lom neeg xws li dipolar cycloadditions, dehydrocoupling nrog silanes, Sigmatropic rearrangements, thiab allylic rearrangements.
Qhov txawv ntawm Betaine thiab Ylide yog dab tsi?
Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si betaine thiab ylides yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lawv tsis zoo ib yam. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm betaine thiab ylide yog tias cov atoms uas muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob tsis yog ib txwm nyob ib sab ntawm betaine, whereas cov atoms them ib txwm nyob ib sab ntawm ylides.
Cov lus hauv qab no teev qhov sib txawv ntawm betaine thiab ylide hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Betaine vs Ylide
Betaine yog hloov kho amino acid compound uas muaj glycine nrog peb pawg methyl. Ylide yog ib qho nruab nrab dipolar molecule uas muaj cov qauv tsis zoo uas tau them ncaj qha rau heteroatom uas muaj cov nqi zoo. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm betaine thiab ylide yog tias cov atoms uas muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob tsis yog ib txwm nyob ib sab ntawm betaine, whereas cov atoms them ib txwm nyob ib sab ntawm ylides.
