Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntub thiab qhuav macular degeneration yog tias ntub macular degeneration yog vim cov hlab ntsha txawv txav hauv qab retina ntawm macula, qhov qhuav macular degeneration yog vim me me dawb los yog yellowish deposits uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub retina. hauv qab macula.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) yog ib qho kab mob qhov muag uas yuav mob zuj zus ntxiv mus. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev tsis pom kev loj hauv cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 60 xyoo. Nws tshwm sim thaum lub hauv paus me me ntawm retina hu ua "macula" degenerates. Lub retina yog lub teeb pom kev paj hlwb nyob hauv qab ntawm lub qhov muag. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum cov neeg laus dua, yog li feem ntau nws raug xa mus rau lub hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration. Muaj ob hom kev muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration: ntub thiab qhuav macular degeneration.
Dab tsi yog ntub Macular Degeneration?
ntub macular degeneration yog hom muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration qhov twg cov hlab ntsha txawv txav hauv qab retina pib loj hlob mus rau macula. Qhov kev loj hlob no degenerates lub macula. Nws tseem hu ua neovascular lossis exudative macular degeneration. Nws cuam tshuam rau 10-15% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration. Tab sis nws suav txog kwv yees li 90% ntawm tag nrho cov mob uas tsis pom kev loj heev los ntawm tus kab mob no.
Kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshiab txawv txav yog txhawb nqa los ntawm vascular endothelial kev loj hlob yam (VEGF). Cov hlab ntsha txawv txav no yog qhov tsis yooj yim dua li cov hlab ntsha. Yog li ntawd, cov ntshav thiab cov protein tso tawm los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv qab macula. Los ntshav, tawm, thiab caws pliav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha no nws thiaj li ua rau tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov photoreceptors hauv retina. Qhov no ua rau kom tsis pom kev hauv nruab nrab mus tas li. Preferential hyperacuity perimetry thiab angiography yog ob txoj kev kuaj mob siab tshaj plaws rau ntub macular degeneration.
Daim duab 01: ntub Macular Degeneration
Ranibizumab, aflibercept, brolucizumab, thiab bevacizumab tau pom zoo VEGF inhibitors rau kev kho cov ntub dej macular degeneration. Tsis tas li ntawd, laser coagulation therapy, photodynamic therapy, thiab cataract phais kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov pom ntawm tus mob no.
Dry Macular Degeneration yog dab tsi?
Dry macular degeneration yog hom muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration qhov twg me me dawb los yog daj tso rau ntawm retina hauv qab macula uas degenerates macula. Nws tseem hu ua atrophic macular degeneration. Qhuav macular degeneration cuam tshuam txog li 80-90% ntawm cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration. Qhov laj thawj tsis paub. Tus mob no zoo li mus qeeb qeeb dua li ntub macular degeneration. Qhuav macular degeneration encompasses tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov hnub nyoog-txog macular degeneration uas tsis yog neovascular nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Daim ntawv tshaj plaws ntawm cov macular degeneration qhuav yog hu ua geographic atrophy. Hauv thaj chaw atrophy, ntau txheej txheej (choriocapillaris, retinal pigment epithelium, thiab overlying photoreceptors) uas ua rau lub retina tau atrophy.
Daim duab 02: Qhuav Macular Degeneration
Cov neeg mob uas muaj cov macular degeneration qhuav muaj cov tsos mob tsawg heev nyob rau theem ua ntej. Qhov pom kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tshwm sim ntau zaus yog tias tus mob nce mus rau theem ntawm thaj chaw atrophy. Nyob rau hauv 10-20% ntawm cov neeg, qhuav macular degeneration mus rau hom ntub dej. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau rhiab heev kuaj, Amsler daim phiaj, Snellen daim ntawv, electroretinogram, Farnsworth-Munsell 100 xim, thiab kho qhov muag coherence tomography yuav siv tau los ntsuam xyuas qhuav macular degeneration. Tsis muaj kev kho rau tus mob no. Tab sis ntxiv inhibitors yog siv tam sim no los kho ophthalmic o. Hauv kev sim hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration, ib qho tseem ceeb hu ua anti-factor D tus neeg sawv cev (lampalizumab) yog tam sim no kuaj rau thaj chaw atrophy. Ntxiv mus, cov koob tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj antioxidants thiab zinc kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov muag mob.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm ntub thiab qhuav Macular Degeneration?
- Cov no yog hom muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration.
- Ob hom degenerate macular ntawm retina.
- Lawv tshwm sim rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 60 xyoo.
- Ob hom tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag tsis pom.
Qhov txawv ntawm ntub thiab qhuav Macular Degeneration yog dab tsi?
ntub macular degeneration yog hom muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration qhov twg cov hlab ntsha txawv txav hauv qab retina pib loj hlob mus rau macula. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhuav macular degeneration yog hom muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration qhov twg me me dawb los yog yellowish deposits ntawm retina hauv qab macula. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntub thiab qhuav macular degeneration. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntub macular degeneration feem ntau ua rau dig muag raug cai. Hauv qhov sib piv, qhuav macular degeneration tsis tshua ua rau qhov muag tsis pom kev raug cai.
Cov infographic hauv qab no suav nrog qhov sib txawv ntawm ntub thiab qhuav macular degeneration hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Wet vs Dry Macular Degeneration
Macular degeneration, tseem hu ua age-related macular degeneration, yog kab mob qhov muag uas cuam tshuam rau cov neeg laus dua 60 xyoo. Nws yog ib qho mob uas ua rau qhov muag tsis pom lossis tsis pom nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm qhov pom. Muaj ob hom kev muaj hnub nyoog ntsig txog macular degeneration li ntub thiab qhuav macular degeneration. Wet macular degeneration yog vim qhov txawv txav ntawm cov hlab ntsha loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub retina ntawm macula. Qhuav macular degeneration yog vim me me dawb los yog yellowish deposits uas tsim ntawm retina hauv qab macula. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov ntub thiab qhuav macular degeneration.
