Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg sawv cev wetting thiab surfactant yog cov neeg ua dej ntub dej tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw, tso cai rau cov kua sib kis mus rau ib qho chaw, whereas surfactants tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm ob yam khoom.
Cov tshuaj ntub dej yog ib hom surfactants. Lwm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm surfactants muaj xws li detergents, emulsifiers, foaming agents thiab siemens.
Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas Dej Haus yog dab tsi?
Cov dej ntub dej yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm cov dej, tso cai rau nws kis cov tee rau ntawm qhov chaw. Yog li, cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau kom muaj peev xwm sib kis ntawm cov kua. Thaum qhov nro saum npoo qis, nws tuaj yeem txo lub zog uas yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm cov tee rau hauv zaj duab xis; Yog li ntawd, nws tsis muaj zog cohesive zog ntawm cov kua thiab ntxiv dag zog rau cov nplaum nplaum ntawm cov kua. Piv txwv li, qhov tsim ntawm micelles yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj ntub dej rau cov kua. Feem ntau, micelle muaj cov taub hau hydrophilic, uas tsim ib txheej txheej ntawm lipophilic tails. Hauv dej, cov tails ntawm cov micelles tuaj yeem nyob ib puag ncig cov roj tee, thaum lub taub hau nyiam dej.
Daim duab 01: Hydrophilic thiab Hydrophobic
Ntau Yam Ntawm Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas Wetting
Muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom ntub dej hu ua anionic, cationic, amphoteric thiab nonionic wetting agents. Feem ntau, anionic, cationic thiab amphoteric wetting agents nyiam ionize thaum sib tov nrog dej. Ntawm no, amphoteric agents tuaj yeem ua raws li cationic lossis anionic agents. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nonionic wetting agents tsis ionize hauv dej.
Dab tsi yog Surfactant?
Lub sij hawm surfactant yog hais txog cov neeg ua haujlwm saum npoo av. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov tshuaj surfactant tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm ob yam khoom; ob yam khoom muaj peev xwm ua tau ob lub kua, roj thiab kua los yog kua thiab khoom. Muaj peb hom surfactants loj: anionic, cationic thiab nonionic surfactants. Peb hom no txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li tus nqi hluav taws xob ntawm lub compound.
Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Surfactants
Lub sij hawm anionic surfactant yog hais txog ib hom ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm saum npoo av uas muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub taub hau ntawm cov molecule. Cov pab pawg ua haujlwm zoo li no suav nrog sulfonate, phosphate, sulfate thiab carboxylates. Cov no yog cov surfactants feem ntau peb siv. Piv txwv li, xab npum muaj alkyl carboxylates.
Cationic surfactants yog ib hom ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm saum npoo av uas muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm zoo hauv lub taub hau ntawm cov molecule. Feem ntau ntawm cov surfactants no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog vim tias lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov cell membranes ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob. Cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tshaj plaws uas peb tuaj yeem pom hauv cov molecules yog ammonium ion.
Nonionic surfactants yog ib hom ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm saum npoo av uas tsis muaj cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv lawv cov qauv. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias cov molecule tsis muaj ionization thaum peb yaj nws hauv dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj covalently bonded oxygen-muaj hydrophilic pawg. Cov pawg hydrophilic no khi nrog cov qauv niam txiv hydrophobic thaum cov surfactant ntxiv rau cov qauv. Cov pa oxygen atoms hauv cov tebchaw no tuaj yeem ua rau hydrogen bonding ntawm surfactant molecules.
Nyeem ntxiv: Qhov txawv ntawm Anionic, Cationic thiab Nonionic Surfactants.
Qhov txawv ntawm Wetting Agent thiab Surfactant yog dab tsi?
Cov tshuaj ntub dej yog ib hom surfactants. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntub dej thiab cov surfactant yog tias cov khoom ntub dej tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw tso cai rau cov kua kom kis cov tee mus rau ib qho chaw, hos surfactants tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm ob yam khoom. Cov khoom ntub dej tuaj yeem raug faib ua anionic, cationic, amphoteric thiab nonionic wetting agents, whereas surfactants tuaj yeem faib ua anionic, cationic thiab nonionic surfactants.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm tus neeg sawv cev wetting thiab surfactant hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Wetting Agent vs Surfactant
Cov tshuaj ntub dej yog hom surfactants. Lwm hom surfactants muaj xws li detergents, emulsifiers, thiab foaming agents. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntub dej thiab cov surfactant yog tias cov khoom ntub dej tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm qhov chaw tso cai rau cov kua kom kis cov tee mus rau ib qho chaw, hos surfactants tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm ob yam khoom.
