Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov piam thaj thiab galactose yog txoj haujlwm ntawm -OH ntawm 4 carbon atom; pawg -OH ntawm 4th carbon ntawm qabzib yog coj mus rau sab xis thaum -OH pawg ntawm 4th carbon ntawm galactose yog coj mus rau sab laug.
Glucose thiab galactose yog categorized li carbohydrates. Carbohydrates yog hom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov organic molecules hauv ntiaj teb. Lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm chemical zog rau cov kab mob nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Carbohydrate tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb li monosaccharides, disaccharides thiab polysaccharides. Monosaccharides yog hom carbohydrate yooj yim tshaj plaws. Glucose thiab galactose yog monosaccharides. Monosaccharides raug cais raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms tam sim no hauv cov molecule thiab seb lawv puas muaj aldehyde lossis keto pawg. Yog li ntawd, ib tug monosaccharide nrog rau carbon atoms hu ua hexose. Yog hais tias muaj tsib carbon atoms, ces nws yog ib tug pentose. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov monosaccharide muaj pawg aldehyde, nws hu ua aldose. Ib qho monosaccharide nrog pawg keto hu ua ketose.
Glucose yog dab tsi?
Glucose yog monosaccharide uas muaj rau carbon atoms thiab ib pawg aldehyde. Yog li ntawd, nws yog hexose thiab aldose. Nws muaj plaub pawg hydroxyl thiab muaj cov qauv hauv qab no.
Txawm hais tias nws tau pom tias yog cov qauv linear, cov piam thaj tuaj yeem muaj raws li cov qauv cyclic ib yam nkaus. Qhov tseeb, hauv kev daws teeb meem, feem ntau ntawm cov molecules yog nyob rau hauv cov qauv cyclic. Thaum cov qauv cyclic tsim, -OH ntawm carbon 5 yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ether linkage kom kaw lub nplhaib nrog cov pa roj carbon 1. Qhov no tsim ib lub nplhaib rau cov tswv cuab. Lub nplhaib tseem hu ua lub nplhaib hemiacetal, vim muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas muaj ether oxygen thiab ib pawg cawv. Vim yog pab pawg dawb aldehyde, qabzib tuaj yeem txo qis. Yog li, nws yog hu ua txo cov suab thaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov piam thaj tseem hu ua dextrose vim nws tig lub dav hlau-polarized rau sab xis.
Thaum muaj hnub ci, hauv cov nroj tsuag chloroplasts, qabzib yog synthesized siv dej thiab carbon dioxide. Cov piam thaj no khaws cia thiab siv los ua lub zog. Tsiaj txhu thiab tib neeg tau txais cov piam thaj los ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov piam thaj hauv tib neeg cov ntshav yog tswj hwm los ntawm homeostasis mechanism. Insulin thiab glucagon cov tshuaj hormones koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem. Thaum muaj cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav siab, nws hu ua mob ntshav qab zib. Kev ntsuas ntshav qab zib ntsuas ntsuas cov piam thaj hauv cov ntshav. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los ntsuas cov ntshav qabzib.
Galactose yog dab tsi?
Galactose yog hexose monosaccharide. Nws muaj ib pawg aldehyde kawg ntawm cov molecule zoo li qabzib. Nws txawv ntawm cov piam thaj vim yog txoj kev -OH nyob rau hauv plaub carbon. Yog li, galactose yog C-4 epimer ntawm qabzib.
Galactose muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si qhib-chain thiab cyclic daim ntawv. Cov khoom noj mis nyuj thiab qab zib beet muaj galactose. Galactose kuj yog synthesized nyob rau hauv peb lub cev. Galactose tsim cov disaccharide lactose, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj.
Qhov txawv ntawm Glucose thiab Galactose yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov piam thaj thiab galactose yog txoj haujlwm ntawm -OH ntawm 4 carbon atom; pawg -OH ntawm 4th carbon ntawm qabzib yog coj mus rau sab xis thaum pawg -OH ntawm 4th carbon ntawm galactose yog coj mus rau sab laug. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov piam thaj ruaj khov dua li galactose. Glucose kuj muaj qab zib dua li galactose. Tsis tas li ntawd, galactose muaj cov ntsiab lus melting ntau dua li cov piam thaj.
Summary – Glucose vs Galactose
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov piam thaj thiab galactose yog txoj haujlwm ntawm -OH ntawm 4 carbon atom; pawg -OH ntawm 4th carbon ntawm qabzib yog coj mus rau sab xis thaum pawg -OH ntawm 4th carbon ntawm galactose yog coj mus rau sab laug. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv no tau ua rau ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv.
Image Courtesy:
1. "D-glucose-chain-2D-Fischer" Los ntawm Ben; Yikrazuul - Tus kheej ua haujlwm (Public Domain) ntawm Commons Wikimedia
2. “GlucoseGalactose” Los Ntawm Tswv Biro – Glucosetatuetata-j.webp
