Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab me me histocompatibility antigens yog qhov loj histocompatibility antigens yog glycoproteins coded los ntawm tib neeg leukocyte antigen (HLA) noob thaum me me histocompatibility antigens yog me me peptides coded los ntawm autosomal chromosomes los yog los ntawm Y-chromosome.
Muaj pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob histocompatibility antigens. Lawv yog cov loj histocompatibility antigens (MHC) thiab me me histocompatibility antigens (MiHA). MHCs yog HLA molecules, thaum MiHAs tsis yog HLA molecules. MHC ua rau muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob sai thiab muaj zog rau kev cog qoob loo, thaum MiHA ua rau qeeb thiab tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob rau graft. Muaj ob chav kawm ntawm MHC li MHC I thiab MHC II. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov nucleated hlwb nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Dab tsi yog Qhov Tseem Ceeb Histocompatibility Antigens?
Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlwb noj qab haus huv, muaj cov molecules tshwj xeeb hu ua loj histocompatibility complex. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nthuav tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev ua kom T hlwb. Lawv ua haujlwm rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Loj histocompatibility molecules muaj nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov nucleated noj qab haus huv hlwb ntawm tib neeg. Cov qe ntshav liab uas paub tab yog tib hom tib neeg cov hlwb uas tsis muaj MHC molecules ntawm qhov chaw. Tib neeg leukocyte antigen (HLA) noob yog cov noob uas code MHC molecules. Raws li txoj cai, cov histocompatibility antigens tseem ceeb yog transmembrane glycoproteins uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau plasma membrane.
Daim duab 01: Loj Histocompatibility Antigens
Feem ntau, MHC molecules sib txawv ntawm cov tib neeg. Muaj ob chav kawm ntawm MHC. Lawv yog class I MHC antigens thiab class II MHC antigens. Class I MHC molecules muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hlwb thaum chav kawm II MHC molecules tsuas yog pom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm antigen-tam sim no hlwb xws li monocytes, macrophages thiab dendritic hlwb, thiab lwm yam, uas yog koom nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Kev nthuav qhia Antigen nrog MHC II yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom T hlwb. MHC I antigens yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nthuav tawm ntawm ib txwm "tus kheej" antigens.
Dab tsi yog Me Me Histocompatibility Antigens?
Me me histocompatibility antigens (MiHA) yog cov peptides me me pom nyob rau ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, MiHAs yog luv luv ntawm cov proteins uas muaj ntau haiv neeg. Lawv yog polymorphic nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg muab. Raws li txoj cai, lawv muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 9 mus rau 12 amino acids sequences. Feem ntau, lawv pom muaj cuam tshuam nrog MHC antigens ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes. Cov antigens no tuaj yeem nthuav tawm thoob plaws hauv cov ntaub so ntswg los yog nthuav tawm txwv tsis pub nyob hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Feem ntau, lawv tau nthuav tawm ntawm cov hlwb hematopoietic.
Daim duab 02: Me Me Histocompatibility Antigens
MiHAs feem ntau pom nyob rau ntawm lub cellular nto ntawm lub cev pub dawb. Hauv qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv nruab nrog cev, lawv ua rau cov lus teb immunological. Tab sis lawv ua teeb meem ntawm kev tsis lees paub tsawg dua li MHC. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias tus neeg pub dawb thiab tus neeg txais yuav zoo ib yam hais txog MHC cov noob; me me histocompatibility antigens kuj tuaj yeem kho qhov tsis lees paub vim qhov sib txawv ntawm cov amino acid.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Loj thiab Me Me Histocompatibility Antigens?
- Me me histocompatibility antigens raug khi rau MHC I thiab MHC II antigens.
- Ob leeg muaj nyob rau ntawm lub hlwb.
- YLawv yog cov protein.
- Qhov tseeb, lawv yog cell nto receptors.
- Lawv yog alloantigens.
- Immune teb yog kho los ntawm T hlwb rau ob hom.
Qhov txawv ntawm Loj thiab Me Me Histocompatibility Antigens yog dab tsi?
MHC yog glycoproteins uas muaj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm txhua lub hlwb txhawm rau nthuav tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txawv teb chaws rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thaum MiHA yog Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-presented peptides muab los ntawm tus kheej-proteins ib txwm. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab me me histocompatibility antigens. MHC molecules yog glycoproteins thaum MiHAs yog cov proteins me. Muaj ob chav kawm ntawm MHCs: MHC I thiab MHC II. MiHAs muaj ntau haiv neeg. Ntxiv mus, MHCs yog coded los ntawm tib neeg leukocyte antigen (HLA) noob thaum MiHAs yog encoded los ntawm autosomal chromosomes los yog los ntawm Y-chromosome.
Hauv qab infographic qhia ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab me me histocompatibility antigens.
Summary – Major vs Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
Loj histocompatibility antigens ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv nthuav tawm txawv teb chaws antigens rau T cell. T hlwb ntes lawv thiab qhib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam lawv. Cov me me histocompatibility antigens yog cov peptides me me uas muaj nyob rau ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes uas khi rau MHC I thiab MHC II. MHCs yog glycoproteins thaum MiHAs yog me me peptides. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab me me histocompatibility antigens.
