Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm metacentric thiab telocentric chromosomes yog tias nyob rau hauv metacentric chromosomes, lub centromere nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov chromosomes thaum nyob rau hauv telocentric chromosomes, lub centromere nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm chromosome.
A chromosome yog cov qauv zoo li cov qauv tsim los ntawm DNA thiab histone proteins. Lawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm cov kab mob. Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov chromosome, suav nrog chromatids, centromere, chromomere thiab telomere. Lub centromere yog qhov pom pom ntawm kev txwv nyob rau hauv chromosome uas txuas cov viv ncaus chromatids ua ke. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm faib cell. Nyob ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm centromere hauv ib qho chromosome, muaj rau ntau hom chromosomes: acrocentric, sub-metacentric, metacentric, telocentric, dicentric thiab acentric.
Metacentric Chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Metacentric chromosomes yog cov chromosomes uas lub centromere nyob rau hauv nruab nrab txoj hauj lwm ntawm chromosome. Centromere tuav ob tug muam chromatids ua ke nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub centromere tau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem spindle tsim thaum lub sijhawm sib faib ntawm tes. Lub centromere khi rau cov proteins kinetochore los tsim cov cuab yeej spindle thaum lub sij hawm mitosis thiab meiosis.
Daim duab 01: Metacentric Chromosome
Ua rau cov qauv ntawm cov chromosomes metacentric, lawv muaj li ntawm ob txhais tes sib npaug. Lawv tshwm sim li 'v' zoo li cov qauv thaum lub sij hawm metaphase ntawm cell faib. Lub xub ntiag ntawm metacentric chromosomes feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov kab mob primitive. Karyotyping siv Giemsa staining tau ua rau cytogeneticists ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov chromosomes. Symmetric karyotype yog hais txog karyotyping ua rau cov kab mob thaum ntxov los soj ntsuam cov chromosomes metacentric. Tsis tas li ntawd, tib neeg chromosomes 1 thiab 3 yog metacentric chromosomes. Amphibians feem ntau muaj metacentric chromosomes.
Telocentric Chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Telocentric chromosomes yog hom chromosomes tsawg tshaj plaws. Lawv tsis pom nyob rau hauv tib neeg. Lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ob peb hom xws li nas. Hauv telocentric chromosomes, lub centromere yog muab tso rau ntawm qhov kawg kawg lossis ntawm qhov kawg ntawm chromosome. Yog li ntawd, telocentric chromosomes tsis muaj tus yam ntxwv p thiab q caj npab pom hauv cov qauv chromosome. Cov chromosomes no tsuas muaj ib sab caj npab xwb; yog li ntawd, lawv tshwm raws li tus qauv pas nrig.
Daim duab 02: Qhov chaw ntawm Centromere
(I: Telocentric II: Acrocentric III: Submetacentric IV: Metacentric – A: Short arm (p arm) B: Centromere C: Ntev caj npab (q arm) D: Muam Chromatid)
Ntxiv mus, qhov no yog lub npe hu ua "telocentric chromosome" vim tias centromere nyob hauv thaj tsam telomeric ntawm chromosomes. Cov qauv ntawm telocentric chromosome tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm karyotyping tom qab Giemsa staining.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Metacentric thiab Telocentric Chromosomes?
- Metacentric thiab telocentric chromosomes yog ob hom chromosomes categorized raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm centromere.
- Lawv tuaj yeem pom thiab pom los ntawm karyotyping siv Giemsa staining.
- Chromosomes yog tsim los ntawm DNA thiab histone proteins.
Qhov txawv ntawm Metacentric thiab Telocentric Chromosomes yog dab tsi?
Metacentric chromosomes muaj lawv cov centromere ntawm qhov chaw ntawm chromosome thaum telocentric chromosomes muaj lawv cov centromeres ntawm ib kawg. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm metacentric thiab telocentric chromosomes. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov metacentric chromosomes muaj ob txhais tes uas sib npaug ntawm qhov ntev. Tab sis, telocentric chromosomes tsis muaj ob txhais caj npab. Lawv tsuas muaj ib caj npab xwb.
Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm metacentric thiab telocentric chromosomes yog qhov metacentric chromosomes tshwm sim li X zoo li thaum lub telocentric chromosomes tshwm li i-shaped lossis rod-shaped.
Hauv qab infographic tabulates ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm metacentric thiab telocentric chromosomes.
Summary – Metacentric vs Telocentric Chromosomes
Chromosomes pom nyob rau hauv lub nucleus hauv eukaryotes, thiab lawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv caj ces ntawm lub cev. Metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, thiab telocentric yog plaub hom chromosomes. Hauv metacentric chromosomes, centromere pom nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Hauv telocentric chromosomes, centromere pom ntawm ib kawg. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm metacentric thiab telocentric chromosomes. Hauv metacentric chromosomes, ob txhais tes sib npaug ntawm qhov ntev. Hauv telocentric chromosomes, ob txhais tes tsis tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv. Ntxiv mus, telocentric chromosomes yog tsawg heev thiab tsis pom nyob rau hauv tib neeg.
