Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm catenation thiab allotropy yog tias catenation yog hais txog kev sib tw ntawm ib qho khoom rau nws tus kheej, tsim cov saw lossis lub nplhaib, qhov allotropy yog hais txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm ntau hom ntawm lub cev ntawm tib yam tshuaj.
Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si catenation thiab allotropy qhia txog lub tswv yim zoo sib xws txog kev sib txawv ntawm cov atoms ntawm tib cov tshuaj, lawv yog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv uas piav txog cov xwm txheej sib txawv.
Catenation yog dab tsi
Hauv inorganic chemistry, catenation yog lub peev xwm ntawm atoms ntawm ib qho tshuaj lom neeg los khi rau ib leeg, tsim cov saw lossis lub nplhaib. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv tshuaj carbon yog koom nrog hauv catenation vim tias carbon muaj peev xwm tsim cov qauv aliphatic thiab aromatic los ntawm kev khi ntau cov pa roj carbon atoms. Ntxiv mus, muaj qee yam tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv no, xws li sulfur thiab phosphorous.
Daim duab 01: Lub Ntev Chain Structure ntawm Carbon
Thaum qee yam tshuaj lom neeg nkag mus rau catenation, lub atoms ntawm lub ntsiab lus yuav tsum muaj qhov tseeb uas tsawg kawg yog ob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj muaj zog ntawm cov atoms ntawm nws hom; e.g. covalent bonds. Peb tuaj yeem hu ua polymerization raws li hom tshuaj tiv thaiv catenation. Piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau catenation muaj xws li carbon, sulfur, silicon, germanium, nitrogen, selenium thiab tellurium.
Allotropy yog dab tsi?
Nyob hauv inorganic chemistry, allotropy yog qhov muaj ob los yog ntau tshaj lub cev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj. Cov qauv ntawm lub cev sib txawv no muaj nyob rau hauv tib lub cev lub cev, feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub xeev solid-state. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hais tias cov no yog cov qauv kev hloov kho sib txawv ntawm tib yam tshuaj lom neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, allotropes muaj cov atoms ntawm tib cov tshuaj lom neeg uas khi nrog ib leeg hauv ntau txoj kev.
Daim duab 02: Ob Qhov Loj Allotropes ntawm Carbon
Txawm li cas los xij, cov qauv sib txawv no tuaj yeem muaj lub cev sib txawv vim tias lawv muaj cov qauv sib txawv thiab cov cwj pwm tshuaj lom neeg. Ib qho allotrope tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm qhov thaum peb hloov qee yam ntawm lub cev xws li siab, lub teeb, kub, thiab lwm yam. Yog li cov khoom siv lub cev no cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov tebchaw. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm allotropes suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Allotropes ntawm carbon - pob zeb diamond, graphite, fullerenes, thiab lwm yam.
- Allotropes ntawm phosphorous - dawb phosphorous, liab phosphorous, thiab lwm yam.
- Allotropes ntawm oxygen - dioxygen, ozone, thiab lwm yam.
- Allotropes ntawm arsenic - daj arsenic, grey arsenic, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Catenation thiab Allotropy yog dab tsi?
Catenation thiab allotropy yog sib txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li kev npaj ntawm atoms. Catenation yog lub peev xwm ntawm atoms ntawm ib qho tshuaj lom neeg los khi nrog ib leeg, tsim cov saw hlau lossis lub nplhaib. Allotropy nyob rau hauv inorganic chemistry yog lub hav zoov ntawm ob los yog ntau tshaj lub cev sib txawv ntawm ib tug tshuaj keeb. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm catenation thiab allotropy yog tias catenation yog kev sib tw ntawm ib qho khoom rau nws tus kheej, tsim cov saw lossis lub nplhaib cov qauv, whereas allotropy yog qhov muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev sib txawv ntawm tib yam tshuaj lom neeg.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm catenation thiab allotropy.
Summary – Ctenation vs Allotropy
Catenation thiab allotropy yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm catenation thiab allotropy yog tias catenation yog hais txog kev sib tw ntawm ib qho khoom rau nws tus kheej tsim cov saw hlau lossis lub nplhaib qauv whereas allotropy hais txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm lub cev ntawm tib yam tshuaj.
