Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm catenation thiab tetravalency yog tias catenation suav nrog kev khi ntawm atoms ntawm tib cov tshuaj lom neeg los tsim cov saw hlau lossis lub nplhaib cov qauv thaum tetravalency hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim plaub cov nyiaj sib cog lus.
Ob nqe lus catenation thiab tetravalency yog siv nrog rau cov tshuaj lom neeg carbon vim nws cov yam ntxwv. Cov pa roj carbon tuaj yeem tsim cov saw hlau lossis lub nplhaib sib txuas los ntawm kev khi ntau cov pa roj carbon atom ntawm covalent bonds thiab ib qho carbon atom qhia tau hais tias muaj plaub yam vim tias nws muaj plaub valence electrons thiab nws tuaj yeem txais plaub lwm cov electrons los ua cov ntawv cog lus.
Catenation yog dab tsi?
Catenation yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm atoms ntawm ib qho tshuaj lom neeg los khi rau nws tus kheej, tsim cov saw hlau lossis lub nplhaib. Hauv catenation, peb tham feem ntau txog cov tshuaj lom neeg carbon, uas muaj peev xwm tsim cov qauv aliphatic thiab aromatic los ntawm kev khi ntau cov pa roj carbon atoms. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qee yam tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv no, suav nrog sulfur thiab phosphorous.
Daim duab 01: Benzene yog tsim los ntawm Catenation ntawm Carbon Atoms
Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qee yam tshuaj lom neeg nkag mus rau catenation, nws yuav tsum muaj qhov muaj txiaj ntsig tsawg kawg yog ob. Tsis tas li, cov khoom siv tshuaj no yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj muaj zog ntawm cov atoms ntawm nws hom; e.g. covalent bonds. Qee zaum, nws yog hu ua polymerization. Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau catenation yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Carbon
- Sulfur
- Silicon
- Germanium
- Selenium Y
- Tellurium
Nitrogen Nyob
Tetravalency yog dab tsi?
Lub sij hawm tetravalency yog hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm ib qho atom ntawm ib qho tshuaj lom neeg los tsim plaub daim ntawv cog lus. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog cov cuab yeej muaj qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm plaub, yog li nws muaj peev xwm sib txuas nrog plaub lwm atoms ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv. Hauv lo lus no, "tetra" txhais tau tias "plaub". Cov tshuaj nquag tshaj plaws nrog tetravalency yog carbon atom. Nws muaj plaub lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv nws lub plhaub sab nraud thiab nws tuaj yeem pub plaub lub tshuab hluav taws xob no lossis tuaj yeem txais plaub lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab nraud. Lwm qhov piv txwv yog silicon, uas kuj muaj plaub valence electrons thiab coj zoo li carbon.
Daim duab 02: Tetrahedral Geometry
Vim tetravalency, atoms zoo li tsim tetrahedral molecules los ntawm kev txais plaub electrons los ntawm plaub lub atoms sib txawv thiab khi nrog lawv los ntawm covalent bonds. Raws li hom covalent daim ntawv cog lus (ib daim ntawv cog lus ib leeg, ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab triple daim ntawv cog lus), cov duab thiab cov duab ntawm cov molecules tsim los ntawm cov atoms yuav txawv. Piv txwv li: yog tias ib qho atom tsim ob daim ntawv cog lus thiab ib daim ntawv cog lus ob, nws muab lub trigonal planar molecule thiab yog tias muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus, cov molecule tsim los ntawm no tetravalent atom yog linear.
Qhov txawv ntawm Catenation thiab Tetravalency yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm catenation thiab tetravalency yog tias catenation suav nrog kev khi ntawm atoms ntawm tib cov tshuaj lom neeg los tsim cov saw hlau lossis lub nplhaib, qhov tetravalency yog hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim plaub daim ntawv cog lus.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm catenation thiab tetravalency.
Summary – Catenation vs Tetravalency
Catenation thiab tetravalency yog cov ntsiab lus uas feem ntau siv nrog rau cov tshuaj lom neeg carbon. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm catenation thiab tetravalency yog tias catenation suav nrog kev sib txuas ntawm cov atoms ntawm tib cov tshuaj lom neeg los tsim cov saw hlau lossis cov nplhaib, qhov tetravalency yog hais txog lub peev xwm los tsim plaub daim ntawv cog lus.
