Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv cog lus dipole thiab molecular dipole yog tias daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog hais txog kev tsim ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus kawg hauv ib qho tshuaj lom neeg. Whereas, lub molecular dipole yog hais txog kev tsim ntawm ob lub ncov qaumteb qabteb nyob rau hauv ib qho tshuaj compound.
Cov ntsiab lus cog lus dipole thiab molecular dipole yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab cov tshuaj thiab lub cev ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Lub dipole yog lub xeev uas muaj ob qhov kawg nrog qhov sib txawv polarity uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv tib lub chemical bond los yog tshuaj compound.
Dab tsi yog Bond Dipole?
Ib daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog qhov muaj ob qhov sib txawv them nyiaj xaus hauv tib daim ntawv cog lus. Lub caij cog qoob loo dipole yog lub sijhawm hluav taws xob dipole uas muaj tus nqi zoo thiab tus nqi tsis zoo hauv tib daim ntawv cog lus. Cov nqi sib cais no tshwm sim vim qhov polarity ntawm daim ntawv cog lus tshuaj. Peb tuaj yeem pom daim ntawv cog lus dipole li "". Peb tuaj yeem muab daim ntawv cog lus dipole raws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib feem ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob ntawm daim ntawv cog lus uas tau muab los ntawm "δ", thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov nqi them tag los ntawm "d" raws li hauv qab no:
=δd
Ib daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog ib qho vector uas yog sib npaug rau cov nyiaj axis thiab nws cov ntsiab lus los ntawm rho tawm (tus nqi tsis zoo) mus ntxiv (tus nqi zoo). Txawm li cas los xij, hauv chemistry, peb feem ntau kos cov vector taw qhia los ntawm ntxiv mus rau rho tawm, txhawm rau qhia lub cev txav ntawm electrons.
SI unit rau kev ntsuas ntawm daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog Coulomb-meter. Xyaum, chav tsev no tsis tsim nyog vim nws muab qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv chav tsev debye nrog lub cim "D" uas siv tus nqi hauv (10 -10x) statcuolombs thiab nrug hauv angstroms.
Daim duab 01: Qhia cov Bond Dipoles nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule nrog peb Chemical Bonds
Rau polyatomic molecules, daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog tus yam ntxwv rau ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov molecule. Rau diatomic molecules, tsuas muaj ib daim ntawv cog lus ntawm ob lub atoms; Yog li, daim ntawv cog lus dipole thiab molecular dipole yog tib yam.
Molecular Dipole yog dab tsi?
Molecular dipole yog qhov muaj ob qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kawg hauv tib lub molecule. Hom dipole lub sij hawm no tshwm sim vim lub net polarity ntawm lub molecule. Lub net polarity lossis tag nrho cov polarity ntawm ib lub molecule los nrog cov nyhuv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov molecule thiab cov polarity ntawm txhua daim ntawv cog lus tshuaj.
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv ntawm Carbon Dioxide Molecule
Qee lub sij hawm, ib lub molecule uas muaj polar tshuaj bonds tej zaum yuav tsis muaj ib tug net polarity vim cov duab uas sib npaug cov net polarity yuav xoom. Piv txwv li, ib tug linear molecule nrog ob tug polar bonds. Ntawm no, lub sijhawm dipole vectors ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus tshem tawm. E.g. Cov pa roj carbon dioxide.
Qhov txawv ntawm Bond Dipole thiab Molecular Dipole yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv cog lus dipole thiab molecular dipole yog tias lub sij hawm daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog hais txog kev tsim ntawm ob lub ncov qaumteb qabteb nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cog lus tshuaj, whereas lub sij hawm molecular dipole hais txog kev tsim ntawm ob tug polar xaus nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb. chemical compound. Hauv lwm lo lus, daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog muab rau ib qho kev cog lus hauv ib lub molecule, thaum molecular dipole tau muab rau cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm daim ntawv cog lus dipole thiab molecular dipole.
Summary – Bond Dipole vs Molecular Dipole
Bond dipole thiab molecular dipole yog ob nqe lus uas tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov tshuaj thiab lub cev ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv cog lus dipole thiab molecular dipole yog tias lub sij hawm daim ntawv cog lus dipole yog hais txog kev tsim ntawm ob lub ncov qaumteb qabteb nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cog lus tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm molecular dipole hais txog kev tsim ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus xaus hauv ib qho tshuaj lom neeg.
