Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntxias dipole thiab cov dipole mus tas li yog qhov cuam tshuam dipole lub sijhawm tuaj yeem hloov pauv thaum yam cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm dipole hloov pauv, qhov hloov pauv lwm yam tsis cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm dipole mus tas li.
Intermolecular rog yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov molecules. Cov kev sib cuam tshuam no tuaj yeem suav nrog ob qho kev nyiam thiab kev tawm tsam. Qhov ntxim nyiam intermolecular rog ua rau tsim cov tebchaw xws li muaju. Kev sib xyaw ua ke zoo tshaj plaws muaj xws li hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, ion-induced dipole interactions, ion-permanent dipole interactions, thiab Van der Waal rog.
Dab tsi yog Induced Dipole?
Induced dipole yog hais txog lub sijhawm dipole tsim nyob rau hauv lub nonpolar compound vim cov nyhuv ntawm ib qho ion nyob ze. Ntawm no, ion thiab nonpolar compound tsim kev sib cuam tshuam hu ua ion-induced dipole kev sib cuam tshuam. Tus nqi ntawm cov ion induces tsim ib tug dipole (ib hom tshuaj nrog polarization). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ion tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov huab cua ntawm cov huab cua tsis muaj polar los ntawm kev los ze zog mus rau qhov tsis muaj polar compound.
Daim duab 01: Tsim Ib Qhov Kev Txhaum Dipole ntawm Kev Pom Zoo Ntawm Cov Tsiaj Txhu
Ob qho tib si tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo them ions tuaj yeem ua rau hom dipole lub sijhawm no. Piv txwv li, cia peb siv qhov tsis zoo ion uas ua rau lub sijhawm dipole hauv qhov tsis muaj polar compound. Sab ntawm lub nonpolar compound uas nyob ze rau lub ion tau txais ib feem zoo xwb vim hais tias cov hluav taws xob huab yog repelled los ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrons ntawm lub ion. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, muab rau lwm sab ntawm lub nonpolar compound ib feem tsis zoo nqi. Yog li ntawd, ib tug induced dipole yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub nonpolar compound.
Ib yam li ntawd, ib qho kev them nyiaj zoo ion nyiam cov huab cua hluav taws xob, muab cov nqi tsis zoo rau sab ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj polar uas nyob ze rau qhov zoo ion.
Dab tsi yog Permanent Dipole?
Permanent dipole yog hais txog lub sijhawm dipole uas pib tshwm sim hauv qhov sib xyaw vim qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Yog li ntawd, ib tug polar compound muaj lub sij hawm mus tas li dipole.
Daim duab 02: Kev nyiam thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm Cov Dipoles mus tas li
Ntawm no, ib qho polar compound muaj ob lub atoms sib txawv nrog qhov sib txawv electronegativity. Vim li no, qhov ntau electronegative atom nyob rau hauv polar compound attracts bond electrons ntau dua electronegative atom(s). Qhov no tsim ib lub xeev nyob rau hauv uas ib tug ntau electronegative atom tau txais ib feem tsis zoo nqi thaum lub tsawg electronegative atom tau txais ib feem zoo xwb. Qhov no tsim ib lub dipole mus tas li nyob rau hauv lub molecule.
Qhov txawv ntawm Induced Dipole thiab Permanent Dipole yog dab tsi?
Induced dipole yog hais txog lub sijhawm dipole uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub nonpolar compound vim cov nyhuv ntawm ib qho ion nyob ze. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, mus tas li dipole hais txog lub sij hawm dipole uas thaum chiv thawj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug compound vim tsis sib xws electron tis. Ntxiv mus, induced diploe tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nonpolar compounds, thaum mus tas li dipole tshwm sim nyob rau hauv polar compounds. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm induced dipole thiab mus tas li dipole yog qhov induced dipole lub sij hawm hloov tau thaum lub sij hawm cuam tshuam rau lub sij hawm dipole hloov thaum hloov lwm yam tsis cuam tshuam rau lub sij hawm mus tas li dipole.
Cov hauv qab no infographic tabulates qhov txawv ntawm induced dipole thiab mus tas li dipole.
Summary – Induced Dipole vs Permanent Dipole
Induced dipole yog hais txog lub sijhawm dipole uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub nonpolar compound vim cov nyhuv ntawm ib qho ion nyob ze. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, mus tas li dipole hais txog lub sij hawm dipole uas thaum chiv thawj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug compound vim tsis sib xws electron tis. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm induced dipole thiab mus tas li dipole yog qhov induced dipole lub sij hawm hloov tau thaum yam cuam tshuam rau lub sij hawm dipole hloov, qhov hloov lwm yam tsis cuam tshuam rau lub sij hawm mus tas li dipole.
