Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm prepolymer thiab oligomer yog qhov prepolymer yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization, qhov oligomer yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj qhov sib piv ob peb monomer units.
A polymer yog ib yam tshuaj uas muaj cov molecules loj ua los ntawm ntau me thiab yooj yim molecules, hu ua monomers. Ob leeg prepolymers thiab oligomers yog qhov sib piv me me polymers uas muaj ob peb monomer units.
Prepolymer yog dab tsi?
Ib lub prepolymer yog ib yam khoom uas sawv cev rau theem nrab hauv polymerization thiab tuaj yeem siv tau zoo ua ntej polymerization tiav. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, prepolymer tuaj yeem yog monomer lossis oligomer. Nws muaj qhov nruab nrab molecular loj. Ib lub prepolymer muaj peev xwm ua kom cov polymerization ntxiv los tsim cov khoom siv polymer loj. Cov khoom siv polymer tshiab no muaj qhov hnyav molecular; Yog li ntawd, thaum lub prepolymer hloov mus rau hauv ib tug polymer, lub molecular hnyav hloov los ntawm ib tug tsawg molecular xeev mus rau ib tug siab dua molecular xeev.
Daim duab 01: Tus Qauv ntawm Epoxy Prepolymer
Ntxiv mus, kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj cov monomers tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam kuj tuaj yeem hu ua prepolymer. Yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus prepolymer thiab polymer precursor yog interchangeable.
Oligomer yog dab tsi?
Ib oligomer yog ib hom khoom siv polymer uas muaj pes tsawg tus monomer units. Tus naj npawb ntawm monomer units ib oligomer tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm seb hom oligomer. Piv txwv li, ib qho oligomer yuav muaj ob, peb lossis plaub lub monomer units uas muaj npe raws li dimer, trimer thiab tetramer feem.
Daim duab 02: Ib qho Oligomer uas muaj peb Monomer Units
Cov roj feem ntau yog oligomers. E.g. kua paraffin. Feem ntau, oligomers yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ob peb monomers. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem tau txais lawv los ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov polymers loj rau hauv ntu luv. Oligomerization yog txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov oligomer. Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no, ob peb monomers units tau tso cai rau undergo ib tug finite degree ntawm polymerization.
Raws li lo lus biochemical, oligomer yog ib qho macromolecular compound tsim los ntawm cov tsis-covalent bond tsim ntawm ob peb macromolecules xws li cov proteins thiab nucleic acids. Yog hais tias lub oligomer yog tsim los ntawm tib hom monomer units, ces peb tuaj yeem hu nws ua homo-oligomer. Yog tias muaj ntau hom monomers koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov oligomer, ces peb hu nws ua hetero-oligomer. Piv txwv li, collagen yog homo-oligomer ua los ntawm peb cov proteins zoo ib yam. Ntxiv mus, oligomers ua los ntawm cov proteins hu ua oligopeptides thaum oligomers ua los ntawm nucleic acid units hu ua oligonucleotides (ua los ntawm ob peb nucleotide units).
Qhov txawv ntawm Prepolymer thiab Oligomer?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm prepolymer thiab oligomer yog tias prepolymer yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization, qhov oligomer yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj qhov sib piv ntawm ob peb lub monomer. Yog li ntawd, lub prepolymer yog ib qho nruab nrab compound, thaum lub oligomer yog ib yam khoom kawg.
Ntxiv mus, prepolymers tau txais los ntawm cov txheej txheem polymerization, thaum oligomers tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem oligomerization. Tsis tas li ntawd, prepolymers yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm ob lossis ntau dua monomer units, tab sis oligomers yog tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm monomers lossis kev tawg ntawm cov polymer.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm prepolymer thiab oligomer.
Summary – Prepolymer vs Oligomer
Prepolymer thiab oligomer yog cov khoom sib piv me me. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm prepolymer thiab oligomer yog qhov prepolymer yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization, qhov oligomer yog cov khoom siv polymer uas muaj qhov sib piv ntawm ob peb lub monomer.
