Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm ntuj thiab dag yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm ntuj tsim yog cov hluav taws xob tawg uas tshwm sim hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov hnub qub. Whereas, artificial transmutation yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ib lub caij mus rau lwm lub caij artificially.
Kev hloov pauv yog qhov hloov pauv hauv lub atomic nuclei, uas ua rau hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv. Muaj ob hom kev hloov pauv: natural thiab artificial transmutation.
Natural Transmutation yog dab tsi?
Natural transmutation yog hom kev hloov pauv nuclear uas tshwm sim ib txwm muaj. Ntawm no, tus naj npawb ntawm protons los yog neutrons nyob rau hauv lub atomic nuclei ntawm ib qho tshuaj lom neeg hloov pauv, uas hloov cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv. Ntuj transmutation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub hnub qub ntawm stellar nucleosynthesis. Qhov no txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub hnub qub, nuclear fusion cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim cov tshuaj tshiab. Nyob rau hauv ntau lub hnub qub, cov fusion tshwm sim tshwm sim nrog hydrogen thiab helium. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hnub qub loj tuaj yeem ua fusion tshwm sim siv cov khoom hnyav xws li hlau.
Daim duab 01: Kev hloov pauv ntuj tshwm sim hauv hnub qub
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv ntuj yog cov xov tooj cua tawg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas tshwm sim tshwm sim (alpha lwj thiab beta lwj). Piv txwv li, feem ntau ntawm cov roj argon nyob rau hauv huab cua yog tsim los ntawm lub ntuj transmutation ntawm poov tshuaj-40. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis zoo li hauv kev hloov pauv hloov pauv, kev hloov pauv ntuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib qho reactant vim tias qhov thib ob reactant tsis tas yuav pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Dab tsi yog kev hloov pauv hloov pauv?
Txoj kev hloov pauv yog ib hom kev hloov pauv nuclear uas peb tuaj yeem ua tiav. Thiab, hom kev hloov pauv no tshwm sim los ntawm kev foob pob ntawm ib qho atomic nucleus nrog lwm cov khoom. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tuaj yeem hloov cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv. Thawj qhov kev sim tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog kev foob pob ntawm nitrogen atom nrog alpha particle los tsim cov pa oxygen. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj uas tsim tawm tshiab qhia tau hais tias muaj xov tooj cua. Peb npe cov ntsiab lus no ua cov ntsiab lus tracer. Cov khoom siv feem ntau siv rau kev foob pob yog alpha hais thiab deuteron.
Daim duab 02: Kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv Particle Accelerators
Ntxiv mus, kev hloov pauv khoom siv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov tshuab uas tsim muaj ntau lub zog; qhov no yog txaus los hloov cov qauv tshuaj nuclear ntawm atoms; Piv txwv li, particle accelerators, sib txawv nuclear reactors, thiab lwm yam
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Natural thiab Artificial Transmutation?
Kev hloov pauv yog qhov hloov pauv hauv lub atomic nuclei, uas ua rau hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv. Muaj ob hom kev hloov pauv: natural thiab artificial transmutation. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm ntuj thiab dag yog tias ntuj hloov pauv yog qhov hluav taws xob tawg uas tshwm sim hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov hnub qub whereas artificial transmutation yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ib lub caij mus rau lwm yam khoom siv dag zog.
Ntxiv mus, cov kev hloov pauv hauv ntuj feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fusion, thaum cov khoom siv hloov pauv feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam. Yog li, qhov no yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm ntuj thiab dag hloov pauv. Ntxiv nrog rau cov no, kev hloov pauv ntuj muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog ib qho reactant thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ib txwm muaj, qhov kev hloov pauv khoom siv suav nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov khoom siv los pib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fission. Cov khoom uas peb tuaj yeem siv rau lub hom phiaj no yog alpha hais thiab deuterons. Piv txwv li, natural transmutation yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv loj uas tshwm sim hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov hnub qub. Lub caij no, kev hloov pauv dag zog tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov tshuab hnyav uas ua rau muaj zog ntau.
Summary – Natural vs Artificial Transmutation
Kev hloov pauv yog qhov hloov pauv hauv lub atomic nuclei uas ua rau hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau hauv cov tshuaj sib txawv. Muaj ob hom kev hloov pauv: natural thiab artificial transmutation. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm ntuj thiab dag yog tias ntuj hloov pauv yog lub xov tooj cua tawg uas tshwm sim hauv lub hauv paus ntawm cov hnub qub whereas artificial transmutation yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm ib lub caij mus rau lwm lub khoom tsim khoom.
