Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev tsis sib haum yog qhov sib txawv yog lub ntsiab lus sib npaug rau lub npe tsis sib xws hauv cov kab ke lom neeg thaum tsis sib xws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox uas ob qho tib si oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim hauv tib lub reactant.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cov oxidation xeev ntawm atoms nyob rau hauv molecules hloov thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj ob qho tib si ib nrab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv; Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog dab tsi?
Dismutation yog qhov tsis sib xws uas tshwm sim hauv cov kab ke lom neeg. Yog li ntawd, ob qho tib si dismutation thiab disproportionation yog sib npaug ntawm lawv cov txheej txheem, tsuas yog daim ntawv thov ntawm lub sij hawm txawv.
Daim duab 01: Lub Mechanism of Dismutation (dismutation of superoxide free radical)
Piv txwv li, hauv citric acid voj voog ntawm qee cov kab mob, pyruvic acid hloov mus rau hauv lactic acid, acetic acid, thiab carbon dioxide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no tseem hu ua anaerobic dismutation.
Dab tsi yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg?
Disproportionation yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox uas ob qho tib si oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwm sim hauv tib lub reactant. Hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox, oxidation xeev ntawm atoms hauv reactants hloov. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv disproportionation, lub oxidation lub xeev ntawm ib tug atom ntawm ib tug reactant molecule nce thaum lub oxidation lub xeev ntawm ib tug atom ntawm tib reactant molecule txo nyob rau hauv tib lub sij hawm. Thiab tseem rau qhov tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim, yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg nrog lub xeev oxidation nruab nrab.
2A → A+ + A–
Examples
Qee yam piv txwv rau qhov tsis sib xws yog muab hauv qab no.
Disproportionation ntawm mercurous chloride rau hauv mercury thiab mercuric chloride
Hg2Cl2 →Hg + HgCl2
Disproportionation ntawm phosphorous acid rau hauv phosphoric acid thiab phosphine
4H3PO3 → 3H3PO4 + PH3
Disproportionation ntawm bicarbonate anion
2HCO3– → CO32-+ H2CO3
Kev tsis sib haum ntawm nitrogen dioxide rau hauv nitric acid thiab nitrous acid thaum reacted nrog dej
2NO2 + H2O →HNO3 + HNO 2
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm Kev Sib Tham thiab Kev Tsis Txaus Siab?
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb vs kev tsis sib haum |
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| Dismutation is disproportionation that take place in biological systems. | Disproportionation yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv redox uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation thiab txo qis tshwm sim hauv tib lub reactant. |
| Daim ntawv thov | |
| Lub sij hawm dismutation yog hais txog qhov tsis sib xws uas tshwm sim hauv cov kab ke lom neeg. | Disproportionation yog lub sij hawm sib npaug hauv cov tshuab tshuaj. |
Summary – Dismutation vs Disproportionation
Cov ntsiab lus dismutation thiab disproportionation piav txog tib cov txheej txheem tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog kev siv lub sij hawm sib txawv. Qhov txawv ntawm dismutation thiab disproportionation yog qhov dismutation yog lub sij hawm rau npe disproportionation uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv biological systems whereas disproportionation yog ib tug redox cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv uas cov oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv tib reactant.
