Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Chromatin Fiber vs Chromosome
Cov kab mob Eukaryotic muaj cov nucleus hauv lawv cov hlwb thiab cov kab mob tiag tiag uas npog nrog daim nyias nyias. Lub genome ntawm cov kab mob no yog nyob rau hauv lub nucleus. Tib neeg genome yog tsim los ntawm tag nrho ntawm 46 chromosomes hauv 23 homologous khub. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm DNA tau ntim rau hauv cov 46 chromosomes hauv ib lub xovtooj. Thaum lub sij hawm DNA ntim, DNA tsim complexes nrog cov proteins uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj nyob hauv cov qauv ruaj khov hu ua chromatin fibers. Chromatin fibers sib sau ua cov chromosomes. Chromatin fiber tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog fiber ntau uas muaj DNA thiab histone protein complexes. Ib chromosome tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog cov xov zoo li cov qauv tsim los ntawm chromatin fibers. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm chromatin thiab chromosomes.
Chromatin Fiber yog dab tsi?
Chromatin yog qhov nyuaj ntawm DNA thiab cov proteins. Lub hauv paus unit ntawm chromatin yog nucleosome. Lub nucleosome yog tsim los ntawm ib ntu ntawm DNA qhwv ib ncig ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb histone protein. Cov protein tseem ceeb yog octomer uas yog tsim los ntawm yim histone proteins. Ib qho DNA tawg ua cua 1.65 npaug ntawm yim histone proteins.
Daim duab 01: Chromatin Fiber
Nucleosomes tshwm li hlaws hauv ib txoj hlua. Nucleosomes quav ntau zaus thiab tsim 30 nm chromatin fiber. Chromatin fibers compress thiab quav los tsim cov chromatin fibers dav. Chromatin fibers coil nruj nreem rau hauv chromatids ntawm chromosome. Chromatin tshwm sim raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv caj ces thaum lub sijhawm pib ntawm kev faib cell.
Chromosome yog dab tsi?
A chromosome yog cov xov zoo li cov qauv tsim ntawm nucleic acids thiab cov proteins uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv caj ces ntawm cov kab mob eukaryotic. Chromosomes yog teem nyob rau hauv lub nucleus. Lawv nqa tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm ntawm ib lub cev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov noob. Cov noob yog cov chaw khaws cov ntaub ntawv los tsim cov proteins. Lub ntim ntawm chromosomal DNA nyob rau hauv lub nucleus yog txhawb los ntawm histone proteins. Histone proteins muab lub zog thiab qhov chaw rau winding DNA. Yog li, histones yog cov proteins zoo li spool uas pab lub ntim zoo ntawm DNA rau hauv chromatin fibers. Tib neeg genome yog tsim los ntawm 23 homologous chromosome khub. Ntawm 23 khub, 22 khub yog suav tias yog autosomal chromosomes thaum ib khub yog poj niam txiv neej chromosomes.
Tus naj npawb ntawm chromosomes thiab qhov loj ntawm chromosomes txawv ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Cov kab mob muaj ib los yog ob lub voj chromosomes thaum feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob eukaryotic muaj linear chromosomes. Prokaryotic chromosomes tsis nyob nrog ib daim nyias nyias, tsis zoo li eukaryotic chromosomes.
Daim duab 02: Chromosome
Cell division yog txheej txheem uas cov ntxhais tshiab tsim tawm. Thaum lub cell faib, chromosomes uncoil los pab txhawb qhov pib ntawm DNA synthesis. Chromosomes tsis pom nyob rau hauv ib txwm cell. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm sib faib ntawm tes, lawv pib tshwm sim raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov chromatin fibers pib thiab tom qab ntawd cais chromosomes thaum lub sijhawm prophase thiab metaphase ntawm cell faib. Tom qab ntawd DNA rov ua dua thiab tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm chromosomes rau cov hlwb tshiab.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Chromatin Fiber thiab Chromosome?
- Chromatin thiab chromosomes muaj DNA thiab cov proteins.
- Ob qho tib si Chromatin Fiber thiab Chromosome yog tsim los ntawm nruj ntim DNA.
- Ob qho tib si Chromatin Fiber thiab Chromosome cov qauv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau cov kab mob nyob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Chromatin Fiber thiab Chromosome yog dab tsi?
Chromatin Fiber vs Chromosome |
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| Chromatin fiber yog ib qho nyuaj ntawm DNA thiab histone proteins. | Chromosome yog ib qho tread zoo li cov qauv tsim los ntawm chromatin fibers thiab uas muaj cov noob. |
| Muaj nuj nqi | |
| Chromatin fiber muab cov qauv ruaj khov rau genomic DNA. | Chromosomes muaj cov ntaub ntawv caj ces ntawm lub cev thiab dhau mus rau cov tiam tom ntej thaum lub sijhawm sib faib ntawm tes. |
| qauv | |
| Chromatin fiber yog tsim los ntawm nucleosomes. | Chromosome yog tsim los ntawm chromatids thiab ib centromere. |
Summary – Chromatin Fiber vs Chromosome
Chromosomes yog cov qauv zoo li cov qauv uas DNA molecules tau ntim. Lawv yog cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv caj ces ntawm lub cev. Tus naj npawb ntawm chromosomes thiab lawv cov duab sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob nyob. Tib neeg lub cell muaj 46 chromosomes, uas yog nyob rau hauv 23 homologous khub. Prokaryotes muaj tsawg tus chromosomes uas tsis nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm ib daim nyias nyias. Chromosome muaj plaub chromatids thiab ib cheeb tsam centromere. Chromosomes tsis pom nyob rau hauv ib txwm cell. Lawv pom thaum lub sij hawm faib cell nyob rau hauv lub microscope. Chromosomal DNA muaj xws li chromatin fibers. Chromatin fibers yog cov complexes ntawm DNA thiab histone proteins. Lub hauv paus chav tsev ntawm chromatin yog nucleosome thiab nucleosomes yog tsim los ntawm ib ntu ntawm DNA qhwv ib ncig ntawm yim histone proteins. Nucleosomes coil rau hauv voj voog thiab tsim kom nruj me ntsis chromatin fibers. Chromatin fibers coil nruj nreem thiab tsim chromatids thiab chromatids tsim chromosomes. Qhov no yog li cas DNA tau ntim rau hauv qhov chaw me me ntawm nucleus hauv ib lub cell. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm chromatin thiab chromosome.
