Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Bryophytes vs Pteridophytes vs Gymnosperms
Lub nceeg vaj Plantae yog ib lub tebchaws uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws nrog ntau dua 300,000 hom sib txawv. Cov nroj tsuag yog eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic kab mob uas muaj peev xwm ntawm photosynthesizing. Cov evolution ntawm cov tsiaj nyob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj cog yog nyob ntawm lawv adaptability rau ib puag ncig terrestrial. Muaj tsib phyla nyob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj cog - Phylum Bryophyta, Phylum Lycophyta, Phylum Pteridophyta, Phylum Cycadophyta, Phylum Coniferophyta thiab Phylum Anthophyta. Coniferophytes thiab Cycadophytes collectively hu ua Gymnosperms. Bryophytes yog hom thawj tshaj plaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas suav nrog mosses thiab liverworts. Fern nroj tsuag tau muab tso rau hauv phylum Pteridophyta. Conifers thiab cycads uas suav nrog cov nroj tsuag xws li Cycas thiab Pinus feem yog hu ua Gymnosperms. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peb pawg no yog qhov chaw nyob uas lawv loj hlob. Bryophytes tau yoog kom loj hlob hauv thaj chaw amphibious; Pteridophytes tau yoog mus rau thaj chaw thaj av uas muaj dej noo thiab shady thaum, Gymnosperms tau yoog rau thaj chaw hauv av.
YBryophytes yog dab tsi?
Bryophytes yog hom qub tshaj plaws ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv qhov xwm txheej. Lawv qhia heteromorphic alternation ntawm tiam. Lub gametophytic tiam ntawm bryophytes yog qhov tseem ceeb. Piv txwv ntawm Bryophyta yog Marchantia thiab Poganatum. Lawv tsuas loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas ntub heev. Gametophyte yog ywj siab thiab haploid. Nws muaj cov qia me me nrog cov nplooj zoo li qhov projections uas yog hu ua pseudo nplooj los yog leafless flattened lub cev. Cov nroj tsuag yog anchored los ntawm cov xov zoo li cov qauv hu ua rhizoids. Gametophyte reproduces kev sib deev, ua rau ib tug diploid sporophyte. Lub sporophyte yog nyob ntawm.
Daim duab 01: Bryophytes
Bryophytes fertilization yog nyob ntawm dej. Lawv nyob ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab dej los yog cov dej ntws los ntawm kev hloov cov phev mus rau lub qe. Bryophytes muaj motile flagellate phev uas raug coj mus rau archegonium. Lub qe fertilized (zygote) hlob tawm ntawm gametophyte, uas kuj yog lub hauv paus ntawm nws cov khoom noj.
YPteridophytes yog dab tsi?
Pteridophytes yog pawg ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov noob tsis muaj vascular fern nroj tsuag. Tsob ntoo ferns loj hlob mus txog 30 - 40 feet ntawm qhov siab. Lawv qhia heteromorphic alternation ntawm tiam thiab tseem ceeb tiam yog tiam sporophytic. Cov nroj tsuag fern no tau muab faib rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej (piv txwv li, Nephrolepis) thiab hauv dej tshiab (fernwater fern, e.g., Azolla).
Lub sporophyte yog ywj siab thiab photosynthetic. Nws yog txawv rau hauv paus, qia, thiab nplooj. Mechanical cov ntaub so ntswg thiab vascular cov ntaub so ntswg. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv pteridophytes, cov hlab ntsha hauv cov ntaub so ntswg xylem thiab sieve tube thiab cov hlwb hauv cov ntaub so ntswg phloem tsis tuaj. Cov nplooj muaj ib qho tseem ceeb cuticle thiab stomata. Cov nplooj yog teem raws li compound nplooj, thiab cov kev npaj yog hu ua frond arrangement. Cov nplooj me qhia circinate veination.
Daim duab 02: Pteridophyte
Lub sporophyte muaj kab rov tav hauv av qia hu ua rhizome nrog cov hauv paus hniav tawm ntawm ob sab. Cov nplooj me me yog nyob rau hauv qab ntawm nplooj. Sporangia tau npaj ua pab pawg hu ua assori. Cov sporangia no tau txais meiosis los tsim haploid, homosporous spores uas tsim cov prothallus thiab paub tab rau gametophyte. Gametophyte yog lub tiaj tus, lub plawv zoo li tus qauv ywj pheej hu ua thallus. Nws yog photosynthetic thiab monoecious (antheridia thiab archegonia yog nyob rau hauv tib lub qauv). Archegonium yog cov qauv poj niam thiab tsim ov. Antheridium yog tus txiv neej tus qauv thiab tsim ntau cov phev flagellated. Fertilization yog nyob ntawm cov dej sab nraud. Tom qab fertilization, lub zygote loj hlob mus rau hauv embryo thiab mus rau sporophyte
Gymnosperms yog dab tsi?
Gymnosperms yog cov nroj tsuag muaj noob. Cov noob tsis muaj qhov npog sab nraud, thiab yog li cov noob no muaj npe ua cov noob liab qab. Cov no yog cov kev txiav txim siab dua cov nroj tsuag uas qhia tau hais tias muaj kev hloov pauv mus rau thaj chaw hauv av. Ob lub ntsiab phyla poob rau hauv pawg Gymnosperms. Lawv yog Cycadophyta thiab Coniferophyta. Ob qho tib si qhia heteromorphic alternation ntawm tiam thiab cov tiam tseem ceeb yog tiam sporophytic. Ib qho piv txwv rau Cycads yog Cycas whereas piv txwv rau Conifers yog Pinus.
Daim duab 03: Gymnosperms
Cov nroj tsuag no muaj cov hauv paus zoo tsim thiab muaj cov ntaub so ntswg, tab sis tsis muaj cov hlab ntsha hauv cov ntaub so ntswg xylem thiab tsis muaj cov raj xa dej thiab cov hlwb sib koom hauv cov ntaub so ntswg phloem. Gymnosperms tsis nyob ntawm cov dej sab nraud rau fertilization, thiab cov txiv neej phev los yog gametes raug xa mus thoob plaws cua rau fertilization. Txiv neej nroj tsuag dais ib lub cone ntawm apex ntawm qia. Nws muaj microsporophylls. Sori muaj nyob rau hauv qab qhov chaw. Poj niam cov nroj tsuag muaj whirls ntawm megasporophylls thiab 2-3 liab qab ovules pom ntawm lawv ob lub npoo. Megaspore germinates thiab tsim cov poj niam gametophyte nyob rau hauv lub ovule.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Bryophytes Pteridophytes thiab Gymnosperms?
- Txhua yam yog eukaryotic.
- Txhua yam muaj ntau yam.
- Txhua yam yog photosynthetic.
- Tag nrho qhia heteromorphic alternation of generations.
- Lawv tsis dai paj.
- Lawv tsis muaj cov hlab ntsha hauv cov ntaub so ntswg xylem thiab tsis muaj cov raj xa dej thiab cov hlwb ua ke hauv cov ntaub so ntswg phloem.
- Lawv tsis muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
Qhov txawv ntawm Bryophytes Pteridophytes thiab Gymnosperms yog dab tsi?
Bryophytes vs Pteridophytes vs Gymnosperms |
|
| Definition | |
| Bryophytes |
Bryophytes yog hom thawj thawj ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas suav nrog mosses thiab liverworts. |
| Pteridophytes | Pteridophytes suav nrog cov nroj tsuag fern. |
| Gymnosperms | Gymnosperms yog cov nroj tsuag muaj noob thiab suav nrog cycads thiab conifers. |
| Bryophytes | Gametophyte yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Bryophytes. |
| Pteridophytes | Sporophyte yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Pteridophytes. |
| Gymnosperms | Sporophyte yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Gymnosperms. |
| Bryophytes | Flagelellated |
| Pteridophytes | Flagelellated |
| Gymnosperms | Non – flagellated yuav dais cilia. |
| Bryophytes | Tsis muaj |
| Pteridophytes | Tsis muaj |
| Gymnosperms | Present – liab qab noob |
| Bryophytes | Bryophytes xav tau cov dej sab nraud rau fertilization |
| Pteridophytes | Pteridophytes xav tau cov dej sab nraud rau fertilization |
| Gymnosperms | Gymnosperms tsis tas yuav muaj dej sab nraud rau fertilization |
| vascular system | |
| Bryophytes | Tsis muaj |
| Pteridophytes | Tsis muaj |
| Gymnosperms | Present |
Summary – Bryophytes vs Pteridophytes vs Gymnosperms
Kingdom Plantae yog lub nceeg vaj sib txawv uas muaj cov phyla sib txawv. Bryophyta txhais cov chav kawm qub tshaj plaws uas muaj cov sporophyte thiab flagellated phev haum rau fertilization uas yog nyob ntawm cov dej nruab nrab sab nraud. Pteridophytes yog nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag fern thiab muaj kev txiav txim siab dua li ntawm ib qho kev ywj pheej sporophyte. Gymnosperms yog nonflowering noob bearing nroj tsuag uas tau yoog rau thaj chaw hauv av thiab yog li ntawd muaj cov yam ntxwv rau nws txoj sia nyob hauv huab cua hnyav. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm bryophytes pteridophytes thiab gymnosperms.
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Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline lub hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Bryophytes, Pteridophytes thiab Gymnosperms
