Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Concentrated Acid vs Strong Acid
Ib qho kua qaub yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem tso H+ ions (protons) mus rau qhov nruab nrab uas nws nyob los ntawm ionization ntawm cov kua qaub molecule. Muaj ob hom acids uas muaj zog acids thiab tsis muaj zog acids. Cov kua qaub muaj zog yog cov kua qaub uas ua tiav hauv cov tshuaj aqueous, tso H+ions. Cov hauv paus muaj zog yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas ua tiav hauv cov tshuaj aqueous ua OH– ions. Raws li cov concentration ntawm cov kua qaub molecules nyob rau hauv cov kua aqueous, cov kua qaub no tuaj yeem ua tau ob hom li concentrated acids thiab dilute acids. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov kua qaub uas muaj zog yog cov kua qaub uas muaj cov kua qaub ntau hauv cov kua qaub ntau hauv ib chav tsev ntawm qhov sib tov whereas muaj zog acids tag nrho dissociate nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov.
Dab tsi yog Concentrated Acid?
Concentrated acid yog cov kua qaub uas muaj cov kua qaub ntau hauv ib chav tsev ntim ntawm cov tshuaj. Lo lus "concentrated" txhais tau hais tias muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib tov. Cov tshuaj concentrated muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kua qaub molecules. cov kua qaub molecules yog hu ua solutes vim hais tias cov molecules yog yaj nyob rau hauv dej los tsim cov kua qaub.
Tus nqi ntawm cov kua tam sim no tuaj yeem sib txawv nrog qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov solubility ntawm ib tug compound yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam los ntawm kub. Tus nqi ntawm cov kua tam sim no ntawm ib qho kub yuav tsis sib npaug rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Feem ntau ntawm cov solutes muaj cov solubility siab ntawm qhov kub siab dua.
Cov kua qaub uas muaj kuab lom heev, yog li txaus ntshai. Thiab tseem, qee cov concentrated acids muaj kev poob siab. Yog li, cov kua qaub no tuaj yeem ua rau tawg vim kev tuav tsis raug. Qee zaum, qhov nqus ntawm cov kua qaub ntau tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus thiab tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij kub hnyiab. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau hluav taws kub thaum sib cuag nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv.
Daim duab 1: Ib Lub raj mis ntawm HCl
Cov ntsiab lus concentrated feem ntau yog siv hauv kev sib piv. Piv txwv li, ib qho tshuaj HCl uas muaj qhov concentration ntawm 18 mol / L tau hais tias muaj ntau dua li cov tshuaj 1 mol / L. qhov opposite ntawm concentrated acid yog "dilute acid".
Dab tsi yog Strong Acid?
Ib lub kua qaub uas muaj zog yog cov kua qaub uas tau tawg tag lossis ionized hauv cov kua dej. Yog li ntawd, cov kua qaub muaj zog muaj peev xwm tshaj tawm cov protons. Hauv cov tshuaj aqueous, cov protons tso tawm ua ke nrog cov dej molecules tsim hydronium ions (H 3O+). Cov kua qaub muaj zog yog categorized nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov protons tso tawm ib cov kua qaub molecule;
- Monoprotic acid - tso ib qho proton rau cov kua qaub molecule
- Diprotic acid - tso ob lub protons rau cov kua qaub molecule.
- Polyprotic acid - tso ntau tshaj ob protons ib cov kua qaub molecule.
Acid zog:
Lub zog acid piav qhia txog lub peev xwm lossis nyiam plam proton los ntawm cov kua qaub molecule. Yog li ntawd, nws piav qhia txog dissociation ntawm acid. Ib tug kiag li dissociating acid muaj ib tug siab acid zog. (Cov acids tsis muaj zog dissociates ib nrab).
Lub zog acid yog ntsuas los ntawm acid dissociation tas li (Ka) lossis nws tus nqi logarithmic (pKa). Cov kua qaub muaj zog muaj tus nqi Ka siab thiab yog li, tus nqi pKa me dua.
p K a=−log K a
Daim duab 02: Nitric Acid
Qee yam piv txwv ntawm cov kua qaub muaj zog suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
- 3)
- Perchloric acid (HClO4)
- YHydrobromic acid (HBr)
Nitric acid (HNO
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Concentrated Acid thiab Strong Acid?
Ob qho tib si Concentrated Acid thiab Strong Acid yog cov ntawv corrosive heev ntawm cov kua qaub
Qhov txawv ntawm Concentrated Acid thiab Strong Acid yog dab tsi?
Concentrated Acid vs Strong Acid |
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| A concentrated acid yog cov kua qaub uas muaj cov kua qaub ntau hauv ib chav tsev ntim ntawm cov tshuaj. | Ib lub kua qaub uas muaj zog yog cov kua qaub uas tau tawg tag lossis ionized hauv cov tshuaj aqueous. |
| Kev xav | |
| A concentration acid muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kuab tshuaj rau ib chav tsev ntim ntawm cov tshuaj ntawm qhov muab kub. | A cov kua qaub uas muaj zog tsis muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov kuab tshuaj hauv ib chav tsev ntim. |
| Acid zog | |
| Ib qho kua qaub ntau tuaj yeem lossis tsis muaj kua qaub siab. | Ib lub zog acid ib txwm muaj lub zog acid ntau dua. |
Summary – Concentrated Acid vs Strong Acid
Acids yog nyob rau hauv ob pawg ntawm cov acids muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog acids. Cov kua qaub no tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv tseem ceeb lossis dilute daim ntawv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov kua qaub uas muaj zog yog cov kua qaub uas muaj zog yog cov kua qaub uas muaj cov kua qaub ntau hauv cov kua qaub hauv ib chav tsev ntawm qhov sib tov whereas acids muaj zog yog cov kua qaub uas sib cais tag nrho hauv cov tshuaj aqueous.
Download PDF ntawm Concentrated Acid vs Strong Acid
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no: Qhov txawv ntawm Concentrated Acid thiab Strong Acid
